महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-73, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
आत्मदोषात्त्वया राजन्प्राप्तं व्यसनमीदृशम् ।
न हि दुर्योधनस्तानि पश्यते भरतर्षभ ।
यानि त्वं दृष्टवान्राजन्धर्मसंकरकारिते ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
ātmadoṣāttvayā rājanprāptaṁ vyasanamīdṛśam ,
na hi duryodhanastāni paśyate bharatarṣabha ,
yāni tvaṁ dṛṣṭavānrājandharmasaṁkarakārite.

1. sañjaya uvāca ātma-doṣāt tvayā rājan
prāptam vyasanam īdṛśam na hi duryodhanaḥ
tāni paśyate bharatarṣabha yāni tvam
dṛṣṭavān rājan dharma-saṅkara-kārite

1. sañjaya uvāca rājan bharatarṣabha tvayā
ātma-doṣāt īdṛśam vyasanam prāptam hi
duryodhanaḥ tāni na paśyate rājan tvam
dharma-saṅkara-kārite yāni dṛṣṭavān

1. Sañjaya said: "O King, you have incurred such a calamity (vyasana) due to your own shortcomings. Indeed, Duryodhana, O best of Bharatas, does not perceive those things which you, O King, have foreseen (as happening) in the state caused by the confusion of natural law (dharma)."

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• आत्म-दोषात् (ātma-doṣāt) - due to one's own fault, from self-deficiency

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - obtained, reached, incurred

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune, disaster

• ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such, of this kind

• न (na) - not

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• तानि (tāni) - those (calamities or consequences) (those)

• पश्यते (paśyate) - he sees, he perceives

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharata lineage (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O best of Bharatas)

• यानि (yāni) - which (calamities or consequences) (which (things))

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• दृष्टवान् (dṛṣṭavān) - you have seen, you have foreseen (having seen, who has seen)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

• धर्म-सङ्कर-कारिते (dharma-saṅkara-kārite) - describes the circumstances of the 'things' (yāni) seen by the king; caused by the transgression of intrinsic nature (dharma) or natural law (in the state/circumstance caused by the confusion of (natural) law (dharma))

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular perfect active

Root: vac (class 2)

आत्म-दोषात् (ātma-doṣāt) - due to one's own fault, from self-deficiency

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ātma-doṣa

ātma-doṣa - self-fault, personal defect, one's own shortcomings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+doṣa)

• ātman – self, soul, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)
• doṣa – fault, defect, vice, error
  noun (masculine)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yusmad

yusmad - you

राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - obtained, reached, incurred

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, incurred

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - calamity, misfortune, disaster

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - calamity, misfortune, disaster, vice

ईदृशम् (īdṛśam) - such, of this kind

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of īdṛśa

īdṛśa - such, of this kind

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name)

तानि (tāni) - those (calamities or consequences) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पश्यते (paśyate) - he sees, he perceives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Middle

3rd person singular present middle, derived from dṛś (1st class, paśya-)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharata lineage (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull of Bharata, best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, an ancient king
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull (metaphorically, best, chief)
  noun (masculine)

यानि (yāni) - which (calamities or consequences) (which (things))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of yad

yad - who, which

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yusmad

yusmad - you

दृष्टवान् (dṛṣṭavān) - you have seen, you have foreseen (having seen, who has seen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭavat

dṛṣṭavat - having seen, one who has seen

Past Active Participle

Derived from root dṛś with -vat suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

धर्म-सङ्कर-कारिते (dharma-saṅkara-kārite) - describes the circumstances of the 'things' (yāni) seen by the king; caused by the transgression of intrinsic nature (dharma) or natural law (in the state/circumstance caused by the confusion of (natural) law (dharma))

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of dharma-saṅkara-kārita

dharma-saṅkara-kārita - caused by the confusion of (natural) law (dharma), resulting from the mingling of duties/principles

Past Passive Participle (causative)

Compound ending in PPP of causative of kṛ (to make/do)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma-saṅkara+kārita)

• dharma-saṅkara – confusion of (natural) law (dharma), mingling of duties/principles
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• saṅkara – confusion, mixture, intermixture
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from saṃ-kṛ (to mix)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• kārita – caused, made to do, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Causative participle of root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)