महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-73, verse-24

तस्मिंस्तु तुमुले युद्धे वर्तमाने भयानके ।
भित्त्वा राजन्महाव्यूहं प्रविवेश सखा तव ॥२४॥

24. tasmiṁstu tumule yuddhe vartamāne bhayānake ,
bhittvā rājanmahāvyūhaṁ praviveśa sakhā tava.

24. tasmin tu tumule yuddhe vartamāne bhayānake
bhittvā rājan mahā-vyūham praviveśa sakhā tava

24. rājan,
tumule bhayānake tasmin yuddhe vartamāne,
tava sakhā mahā-vyūham bhittvā praviveśa.

24. O king, as that tumultuous and terrifying battle raged, your friend broke through the great formation and entered.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the ongoing battle) (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• तुमुले (tumule) - tumultuous (tumultuous, fierce, noisy)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - ongoing (ongoing, existing, being present)

• भयानके (bhayānake) - terrifying (terrifying, dreadful, fearful)

• भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having pierced, having broken through (having pierced, having broken, having split)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

• महा-व्यूहम् (mahā-vyūham) - the great military formation (great array, large formation)

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered

• सखा (sakhā) - friend (referring to Arjuna or Bhima, likely Arjuna given 'your friend' and 'piercing array') (friend, companion)

• तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's friend, which is Arjuna in the context of the Mahābhārata) (your, of you)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the ongoing battle) (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

तुमुले (tumule) - tumultuous (tumultuous, fierce, noisy)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - noisy, tumultuous, fierce, dreadful

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

From root √yudh (to fight) with kta suffix.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Refers to the context in which the action occurs.

वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - ongoing (ongoing, existing, being present)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - existing, being present, ongoing

Present Middle Participle

From root √vṛt (to be, to exist, to turn) with -āna suffix.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

भयानके (bhayānake) - terrifying (terrifying, dreadful, fearful)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhayānaka

bhayānaka - terrifying, dreadful, fearful

Derived from bhaya (fear).

भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having pierced, having broken through (having pierced, having broken, having split)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root √bhid (to break, cleave) with -tvā suffix.

Root: bhid (class 7)

राजन् (rājan) - O king (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

महा-व्यूहम् (mahā-vyūham) - the great military formation (great array, large formation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahā-vyūha

mahā-vyūha - great array, large formation, grand battle-array

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+vyūha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem of mahat used in compounds.
• vyūha – array, formation (of troops), disposition
  noun (masculine)
  From root √ūh (to move, to arrange) with upasarga vi-.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ūh (class 1)

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of praviveśa

Perfect Active

From root √viś (to enter) with upasarga pra-. Perfect tense, 3rd person singular. Reduplicated form viveśa.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

सखा (sakhā) - friend (referring to Arjuna or Bhima, likely Arjuna given 'your friend' and 'piercing array') (friend, companion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion

Masculine nominative singular.

तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's friend, which is Arjuna in the context of the Mahābhārata) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural or singular)

Genitive singular form of the second person pronoun yuṣmad.