महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-73, verse-69

तत्प्रभग्नं बलं दृष्ट्वा द्रोणेनामिततेजसा ।
नाशक्नुवन्वारयितुं समस्तास्ते महारथाः ॥६९॥

69. tatprabhagnaṁ balaṁ dṛṣṭvā droṇenāmitatejasā ,
nāśaknuvanvārayituṁ samastāste mahārathāḥ.

69. tat prabhagnam balam dṛṣṭvā droṇena amitatejasā
na aśaknuvan vārayitum samastāḥ te mahārathāḥ

69. amitatejasā droṇena tat prabhagnam balam dṛṣṭvā
te samastāḥ mahārathāḥ vārayitum na aśaknuvan

69. Seeing that army routed by Drona, who possessed immeasurable prowess, all those great warriors (mahāratha) were unable to restrain it.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

• प्रभग्नम् (prabhagnam) - routed (broken, routed, shattered)

• बलम् (balam) - army (army, force, strength)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen)

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Drona

• अमिततेजसा (amitatejasā) - who possessed immeasurable prowess (of immeasurable prowess/splendor)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अशक्नुवन् (aśaknuvan) - were unable (they were not able)

• वारयितुम् (vārayitum) - to restrain it (to restrain, to prevent)

• समस्ताः (samastāḥ) - all of them (all, whole, complete)

• ते (te) - those (those, they)

• महरथाः (maharathāḥ) - great warriors (great warriors, ones with great chariots)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रभग्नम् (prabhagnam) - routed (broken, routed, shattered)

(verbal adjective)

बलम् (balam) - army (army, force, strength)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed from root dṛś (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Drona

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (a guru in the Mahabharata), a measure of grain

अमिततेजसा (amitatejasā) - who possessed immeasurable prowess (of immeasurable prowess/splendor)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of amitatejas

amitatejas - of immeasurable splendor, of boundless energy/prowess

Compound type : bahuvrihi (amita+tejas)

• amita – unmeasured, immense, boundless
  verbal adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From a (negation) + root mā (to measure)
  Root: mā (class 2)
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy, prowess
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tij (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

अशक्नुवन् (aśaknuvan) - were unable (they were not able)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of śak

Imperfect tense

From root śak (to be able). Augmented past tense.

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Used with infinitive 'vārayitum'.

वारयितुम् (vārayitum) - to restrain it (to restrain, to prevent)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed from causative stem of root vṛ (to cover/restrain).

Root: vṛ (class 10)

समस्ताः (samastāḥ) - all of them (all, whole, complete)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samasta

samasta - all, whole, entire, collected, united

Past Passive Participle

From sam + root as (to throw/unite).

Prefix: sam

Root: as (class 2)

ते (te) - those (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

महरथाः (maharathāḥ) - great warriors (great warriors, ones with great chariots)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, one who can fight ten thousand warriors, having a great chariot

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh (class 1)