महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-48, verse-7

तथा प्रवृत्ते संग्रामे धनुरुद्यम्य दंशितः ।
अभिपत्य महाबाहुर्भीष्मो भीमपराक्रमः ॥७॥

7. tathā pravṛtte saṁgrāme dhanurudyamya daṁśitaḥ ,
abhipatya mahābāhurbhīṣmo bhīmaparākramaḥ.

7. tathā pravṛtte saṅgrāme dhanuḥ udyamya daṃśitaḥ
abhipatya mahābāhuḥ bhīṣmaḥ bhīmaparākramaḥ

7. tathā saṅgrāme pravṛtte (sati),
daṃśitaḥ mahābāhuḥ bhīṣmaḥ bhīmaparākramaḥ (san),
dhanuḥ udyamya abhipatya (agāt)

7. As the battle thus began, the mighty-armed Bhishma, who possessed formidable valor, donned his armor, raised his bow, and charged forward.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, as (thus, in that manner, so)

• प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - having commenced, begun (having commenced, begun, engaged in, in progress)

• सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in the battle (in the battle, in the war)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having raised (having raised, lifting up, taking up)

• दंशितः (daṁśitaḥ) - having donned armor, armored (armed, clad in armor/mail, bitten)

• अभिपत्य (abhipatya) - having charged forward, attacking (having attacked, having fallen upon, having rushed towards)

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed (Bhishma) (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper noun) (Bhishma (proper noun), terrible, dreadful)

• भीमपराक्रमः (bhīmaparākramaḥ) - who possessed formidable valor (of terrible prowess, greatly valorous)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, as (thus, in that manner, so)

(indeclinable)

प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - having commenced, begun (having commenced, begun, engaged in, in progress)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - commenced, begun, engaged in, active

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root vṛt with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with saṅgrāme.

सङ्ग्रामे (saṅgrāme) - in the battle (in the battle, in the war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṅgrāma

saṅgrāma - battle, war, conflict

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with pravṛtte.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

Note: Object of udyamya. Also nominative singular neuter.

उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having raised (having raised, lifting up, taking up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root yam with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Connects to the main action of Bhishma.

दंशितः (daṁśitaḥ) - having donned armor, armored (armed, clad in armor/mail, bitten)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṃśita

daṁśita - armed, clad in mail, protected by armor

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root daṃś (to bite, to arm)

Root: daṃś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bhīṣmaḥ.

अभिपत्य (abhipatya) - having charged forward, attacking (having attacked, having fallen upon, having rushed towards)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of root pat with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Connects to the main action of Bhishma.

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed (Bhishma) (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed

Bahuvrihi compound: mahā (great) + bāhu (arm)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with bhīṣmaḥ.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper noun) (Bhishma (proper noun), terrible, dreadful)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper noun); terrible, dreadful

Note: Main subject of the implied verb (e.g., agāt - went, attacked).

भीमपराक्रमः (bhīmaparākramaḥ) - who possessed formidable valor (of terrible prowess, greatly valorous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmaparākrama

bhīmaparākrama - of terrible prowess, having dreadful valor

Bahuvrihi compound: bhīma (terrible) + parākrama (prowess)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhīma+parākrama)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
• parākrama – prowess, valor, might, energy
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with bhīṣmaḥ.