महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-48, verse-30

ततो द्रोणं महेष्वासं गाङ्गेयस्य प्रिये रतम् ।
अभ्यवर्षत पाञ्चाल्यः संयुक्तः सह सोमकैः ॥३०॥

30. tato droṇaṁ maheṣvāsaṁ gāṅgeyasya priye ratam ,
abhyavarṣata pāñcālyaḥ saṁyuktaḥ saha somakaiḥ.

30. tataḥ droṇam maheṣvāsam gāṅgeyasya priye ratam
abhyavarṣata pāñcālyaḥ saṃyuktaḥ saha somakaiḥ

30. tataḥ saṃyuktaḥ somakaiḥ saha pāñcālyaḥ gāṅgeyasya
priye ratam maheṣvāsam droṇam abhyavarṣata

30. Then Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Pāñcālya), accompanied by the Somakas, rained [arrows] upon Droṇa, the great archer, who was engaged in Bhīṣma's (Gāṅgeya's) favor.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, afterwards)

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona

• महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - great archer, having a great bow

• गाङ्गेयस्य (gāṅgeyasya) - of Bhishma (of the son of Ganga, of Bhishma)

• प्रिये (priye) - in the favor/will (of Bhishma) (in the dear, in the beloved, in the favorite)

• रतम् (ratam) - engaged in, devoted to (Bhishma's favor) (engaged in, devoted to, delighted in)

• अभ्यवर्षत (abhyavarṣata) - showered (arrows) upon (rained upon, showered upon)

• पाञ्चाल्यः (pāñcālyaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (son of Drupada, king of Pañcāla) (son of Pañcala, Drupada's son (Dhṛṣṭadyumna))

• संयुक्तः (saṁyuktaḥ) - accompanied (by) (joined, connected, accompanied)

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• सोमकैः (somakaiḥ) - with the warriors of the Somaka clan (with the Somakas)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - a measure, a bucket, name of a teacher of warfare

महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - great archer, having a great bow

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, possessing a great bow

Compound: mahā (great) + iṣvāsa (bow).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow (of an archer)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Droṇa.

गाङ्गेयस्य (gāṅgeyasya) - of Bhishma (of the son of Ganga, of Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gāṅgeya

gāṅgeya - son of Ganga, Bhishma

Patronymic from Gaṅgā.

प्रिये (priye) - in the favor/will (of Bhishma) (in the dear, in the beloved, in the favorite)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, favorite

रतम् (ratam) - engaged in, devoted to (Bhishma's favor) (engaged in, devoted to, delighted in)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rata

rata - delighted, pleased, attached to, engaged in

Past Passive Participle

From root ram (to rejoice, delight) + kta suffix.

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Droṇa.

अभ्यवर्षत (abhyavarṣata) - showered (arrows) upon (rained upon, showered upon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛṣ

Imperfect Active Third Person Singular

Root vṛṣ (class 1); imperfect tense with prefixes abhi and ava.

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

पाञ्चाल्यः (pāñcālyaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (son of Drupada, king of Pañcāla) (son of Pañcala, Drupada's son (Dhṛṣṭadyumna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāñcālya

pāñcālya - descendant of Pañcāla, a king of Pañcāla, Dhṛṣṭadyumna

Patronymic from Pañcāla.

संयुक्तः (saṁyuktaḥ) - accompanied (by) (joined, connected, accompanied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃyukta

saṁyukta - joined, united, connected, accompanied

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj (to join) with prefix sam + kta suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies Pāñcālya.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

सोमकैः (somakaiḥ) - with the warriors of the Somaka clan (with the Somakas)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of somaka

somaka - name of a people or tribe, often associated with the Pañcālas

Note: Governed by 'saha'.