महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-48, verse-39

द्रौणिर्दुर्योधनश्चैव विकर्णश्च तवात्मजः ।
परिवार्य रणे भीष्मं स्थिता युद्धाय मारिष ॥३९॥

39. drauṇirduryodhanaścaiva vikarṇaśca tavātmajaḥ ,
parivārya raṇe bhīṣmaṁ sthitā yuddhāya māriṣa.

39. drauṇiḥ duryodhanaḥ ca eva vikarṇaḥ ca tava ātmajaḥ
| parivārya raṇe bhīṣmam sthitāḥ yuddhāya māriṣa

39. māriṣa,
drauṇiḥ duryodhanaḥ ca eva tava ātmajaḥ vikarṇaḥ ca raṇe bhīṣmam parivārya yuddhāya sthitāḥ

39. O respected one, Droṇa's son (Drauṇi), Duryodhana, and your son Vikarṇa, having surrounded Bhīṣma in battle, stood ready for the fight.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāmā (son of Droṇa)

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed (for emphasis) (indeed, certainly, only)

• विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarṇa (proper name)

• च (ca) - and

• तव (tava) - your

• आत्मजः (ātmajaḥ) - son (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, i.e., Vikarṇa) (son, born from oneself)

• परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, having encircled

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - stood ready (for battle) (stood, positioned, situated)

• युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for fighting

• मारिष (māriṣa) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O respected one, O honorable one)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāmā (son of Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāmā

Patronymic from Droṇa

Note: One of the subjects of 'sthitāḥ'.

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name, 'difficult to fight')

Note: One of the subjects of 'sthitāḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Drauṇi and Duryodhana.

एव (eva) - indeed (for emphasis) (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis with 'ca'.

विकर्णः (vikarṇaḥ) - Vikarṇa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikarṇa

vikarṇa - Vikarṇa (proper name, 'earless' or 'having prominent ears')

Note: One of the subjects of 'sthitāḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Vikarṇa to the preceding list.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

आत्मजः (ātmajaḥ) - son (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, i.e., Vikarṇa) (son, born from oneself)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmaja

ātmaja - son, daughter, born from oneself

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+ja)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual soul
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Suffix -ja from √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Modifies Vikarṇa.

परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, having encircled

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive form from √vṛ with pari- (sometimes with ni/āvṛ)

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (proper name, 'terrible')

Note: Object of 'parivārya'.

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - stood ready (for battle) (stood, positioned, situated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - stood, situated, existing, firm

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. from √sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: The predicate for Drauṇi, Duryodhana, and Vikarṇa.

युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for fighting

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. from √yudh, then substantivized

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates purpose.

मारिष (māriṣa) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O respected one, O honorable one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - O respectable person, O worthy one