महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-48, verse-32

तेषां तु निनदं श्रुत्वा प्रहृष्टानां प्रहृष्टवत् ।
प्रविवेश ततो मध्यं रथसिंहः प्रतापवान् ॥३२॥

32. teṣāṁ tu ninadaṁ śrutvā prahṛṣṭānāṁ prahṛṣṭavat ,
praviveśa tato madhyaṁ rathasiṁhaḥ pratāpavān.

32. teṣām tu ninadam śrutvā prahṛṣṭānām prahṛṣṭavat
praviveśa tataḥ madhyam rathasiṃhaḥ pratāpavān

32. tu teṣām prahṛṣṭānām ninadam śrutvā prahṛṣṭavat
pratāpavān rathasiṃhaḥ tataḥ madhyam praviveśa

32. But having heard the triumphant roar of those greatly pleased (Kauravas), the mighty lion-like warrior (Arjuna) then entered their midst as if greatly pleased himself.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - their, of them

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet)

• निनदम् (ninadam) - triumphant roar (sound, roar, cry)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, after hearing)

• प्रहृष्टानाम् (prahṛṣṭānām) - of those greatly pleased (Kauravas) (of the greatly pleased, of the exultant)

• प्रहृष्टवत् (prahṛṣṭavat) - as if greatly pleased himself (like one greatly pleased, as if delighted)

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered (he entered, he penetrated)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, afterwards)

• मध्यम् (madhyam) - their midst (middle, center, midst)

• रथसिंहः (rathasiṁhaḥ) - lion-like warrior (Arjuna) (lion among chariots, excellent charioteer)

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty (mighty, glorious, valiant, powerful)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - their, of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Kauravas mentioned implicitly in the previous verse (tāvakāḥ).

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

निनदम् (ninadam) - triumphant roar (sound, roar, cry)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ninada

ninada - sound, noise, roar, cry

From root nad (to roar, sound) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: nad (class 1)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, after hearing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root śru (class 5) + ktvā suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: An absolutive indicating a completed action prior to the main verb.

प्रहृष्टानाम् (prahṛṣṭānām) - of those greatly pleased (Kauravas) (of the greatly pleased, of the exultant)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of prahṛṣṭa

prahṛṣṭa - greatly pleased, delighted, exultant

Past Passive Participle

From root hṛṣ (to be thrilled, rejoice) with prefix pra + kta suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Used substantively as 'of the pleased ones'.

प्रहृष्टवत् (prahṛṣṭavat) - as if greatly pleased himself (like one greatly pleased, as if delighted)

(indeclinable)

Formed by adding the suffix -vat to prahṛṣṭa to mean 'like'.

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered (he entered, he penetrated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of viś

Perfect Active Third Person Singular

Root viś (class 6) with prefix pra; perfect tense reduplicated form.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

मध्यम् (madhyam) - their midst (middle, center, midst)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, central, midst

रथसिंहः (rathasiṁhaḥ) - lion-like warrior (Arjuna) (lion among chariots, excellent charioteer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathasiṃha

rathasiṁha - lion among chariots, best of charioteers

Compound: ratha (chariot) + siṃha (lion). A 'karmadhāraya' or 'tatpuruṣa' compound, used metaphorically.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+siṃha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty (mighty, glorious, valiant, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - glorious, mighty, valiant, powerful

Derived from pratāpa (power, glory) with the possessive suffix -vat.

Note: Qualifies rathasiṃhaḥ.