महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-157, verse-59

प्रत्यहन्यन्त ते सर्वे गदामासाद्य सायकाः ।
न वेगं धारयामासुर्गदावेगस्य वेगिताः ॥५९॥

59. pratyahanyanta te sarve gadāmāsādya sāyakāḥ ,
na vegaṁ dhārayāmāsurgadāvegasya vegitāḥ.

59. pratyahanyanta te sarve gadām āsādya sāyakāḥ
| na vegam dhārayāmāsuḥ gadāvegasya vegitāḥ

59. All those arrows, upon striking the mace, were repelled. Overpowered by the mace's speed, they could not maintain their own velocity.

59. כל החיצים נהדפו כשהגיעו אל האלה. הם לא עמדו בעוצמת האלה, והיא גברה על מהירותם.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रत्यहन्यन्त (pratyahanyanta) - they were struck back, repelled, killed in return

• ते (te) - those, they

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - upon striking, having reached (having reached, having attained, having approached, having obtained)

• सायकाः (sāyakāḥ) - arrows, darts

• न (na) - not, no

• वेगम् (vegam) - speed, velocity, force, impulse

• धारयामासुः (dhārayāmāsuḥ) - they retained, they held, they sustained

• गदावेगस्य (gadāvegasya) - of the mace's speed, of the mace's force

• वेगिताः (vegitāḥ) - overpowered by the speed (of the mace) (sped up, impelled, endowed with speed, swift)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रत्यहन्यन्त (pratyahanyanta) - they were struck back, repelled, killed in return

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, imperfect (laṅ) of pratihan

Derived from root √han (to strike, kill) with upasarga prati-

Prefix: prati

Root: han (class 2)

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

आसाद्य (āsādya) - upon striking, having reached (having reached, having attained, having approached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Derived from root √sad (to sit, settle) with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

सायकाः (sāyakāḥ) - arrows, darts

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, dart

Derived from root √si (to bind, cast)

Root: si (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

वेगम् (vegam) - speed, velocity, force, impulse

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impulse

Root: vij (class 6)

धारयामासुः (dhārayāmāsuḥ) - they retained, they held, they sustained

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of dhārayāmāsuḥ

Periphrastic Perfect

Periphrastic perfect of the causative of root √dhṛ (to hold, bear, maintain). Formed with the suffix -ayāṃ and an auxiliary verb (in this case, √as).

Root: dhṛ (class 10)

गदावेगस्य (gadāvegasya) - of the mace's speed, of the mace's force

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gadāvega

gadāvega - speed or force of a mace

Compound type : tatpurusha (gadā+vega)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• vega – speed, velocity, force
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vij (class 6)

वेगिताः (vegitāḥ) - overpowered by the speed (of the mace) (sped up, impelled, endowed with speed, swift)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vegita

vegita - sped up, impelled, endowed with speed, swift

Past Passive Participle (derived from noun)

Derived from the noun 'vega' (speed) with the suffix '-ita' indicating 'possessed of' or 'acted upon by'.

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