महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-157, verse-51

उत्सृज्य ते गदाशूलानसिशक्तिपरश्वधान् ।
दक्षिणां दिशमाजग्मुस्त्रासिता दृढधन्वना ॥५१॥

51. utsṛjya te gadāśūlānasiśaktiparaśvadhān ,
dakṣiṇāṁ diśamājagmustrāsitā dṛḍhadhanvanā.

51. utsṛjya te gadāśūlān asiśaktiparaśvadhān
dakṣiṇām diśam ājagmuḥ trāsitāḥ dṛḍhadhanvanā

51. Abandoning their maces, spears, swords, lances, and battle-axes, they (the rākṣasas), terrified by the formidable archer (Bhīmasena), fled towards the southern direction.

51. הם זרקו את האלות, הקלשונים, החרבות, החניתות והגרזנים, ונמלטו אל הדרום כשהם מבוהלים מפני בעל הקשת האיתנה.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - abandoning (having abandoned, having given up)

• ते (te) - they (the rākṣasas) (they, those)

• गदाशूलान् (gadāśūlān) - their maces and spears (maces and spears)

• असिशक्तिपरश्वधान् (asiśaktiparaśvadhān) - their swords, lances, and battle-axes (swords, lances, and battle-axes)

• दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - southern (southern, right)

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction (direction, quarter)

• आजग्मुः (ājagmuḥ) - they fled towards (they went, they approached)

• त्रासिताः (trāsitāḥ) - terrified (terrified, frightened)

• दृढधन्वना (dṛḍhadhanvanā) - by the formidable archer (Bhīmasena) (by the firm-bowman, by the strong archer)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - abandoning (having abandoned, having given up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from √sṛj (to release, create) with prefix ut-

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

ते (te) - they (the rākṣasas) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'ājagmuḥ'.

गदाशूलान् (gadāśūlān) - their maces and spears (maces and spears)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gadāśūla

gadāśūla - mace and spear

Compound type : dvandva (gadā+śūla)

• gadā – mace, club
  noun (feminine)
• śūla – spear, pike, dart
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'utsṛjya'.

असिशक्तिपरश्वधान् (asiśaktiparaśvadhān) - their swords, lances, and battle-axes (swords, lances, and battle-axes)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of asiśaktiparaśvadha

asiśaktiparaśvadha - sword, lance, and battle-axe

Compound type : dvandva (asi+śakti+paraśvadha)

• asi – sword
  noun (masculine)
• śakti – lance, spear, power
  noun (feminine)
• paraśvadha – battle-axe, axe
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'utsṛjya'.

दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - southern (southern, right)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇā

dakṣiṇā - southern, right, skillful

Note: Qualifies 'diśam'.

दिशम् (diśam) - direction (direction, quarter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter, point of compass

Note: Object of movement with 'ājagmuḥ'.

आजग्मुः (ājagmuḥ) - they fled towards (they went, they approached)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: With prefix ā-, indicates approaching.

त्रासिताः (trāsitāḥ) - terrified (terrified, frightened)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of trāsita

trāsita - terrified, frightened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √tras (to tremble, be terrified) in causative form (trāsayati) + ppp suffix

Root: tras (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'te'.

दृढधन्वना (dṛḍhadhanvanā) - by the formidable archer (Bhīmasena) (by the firm-bowman, by the strong archer)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dṛḍhadhanvan

dṛḍhadhanvan - firm-bowman, strong archer

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dṛḍha+dhanvan)

• dṛḍha – firm, strong, hard
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √dṛh (to be firm, strengthen)
  Root: dṛh (class 1)
• dhanvan – bow (noun), bowman (adj)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agent by whom they were terrified (trāsitāḥ).

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