महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-157, verse-1

जनमेजय उवाच ।
पाण्डोः पुत्रा महात्मानः सर्वे दिव्यपराक्रमाः ।
कियन्तं कालमवसन्पर्वते गन्धमादने ॥१॥

1. janamejaya uvāca ,
pāṇḍoḥ putrā mahātmānaḥ sarve divyaparākramāḥ ,
kiyantaṁ kālamavasanparvate gandhamādane.

1. janamejaya uvāca | pāṇḍoḥ putrāḥ mahātmānaḥ sarve
divyaparākramāḥ | kiyantam kālam avasan parvate gandhamādane

1. Janamejaya said: "How long did the high-souled (mahātman) sons of Pāṇḍu, all possessing divine valor, reside on Mount Gandhamādana?"

Words meanings summery:

• जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• पाण्डोः (pāṇḍoḥ) - of Pāṇḍu

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - high-souled (mahātman) (high-souled, great-souled, noble-minded)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

• दिव्यपराक्रमाः (divyaparākramāḥ) - possessing divine valor (possessing divine valor, having divine prowess)

• कियन्तम् (kiyantam) - how long (referring to time) (how much, how many, how great)

• कालम् (kālam) - duration (of time) (time, period, duration)

• अवसन् (avasan) - they resided (they resided, they dwelt)

• पर्वते (parvate) - on the mountain

• गन्धमादने (gandhamādane) - on Mount Gandhamādana (on Gandhamādana (a mountain name))

Words meanings and morphology

जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Janamejaya (name of a king, son of Parikshit)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

Root vac (to speak), perfect tense form. uvāca is the 3rd singular perfect of vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

पाण्डोः (pāṇḍoḥ) - of Pāṇḍu

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṇḍu

pāṇḍu - Pāṇḍu (name of a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas)

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Subject of the sentence.

महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - high-souled (mahātman) (high-souled, great-souled, noble-minded)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, high-minded, noble, revered person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective for 'putrāḥ'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Adjective for 'putrāḥ'.

दिव्यपराक्रमाः (divyaparākramāḥ) - possessing divine valor (possessing divine valor, having divine prowess)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of divyaparākrama

divyaparākrama - of divine valor/prowess

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (divya+parākrama)

• divya – divine, celestial, heavenly
  adjective (masculine)
• parākrama – valor, prowess, courage, exertion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective for 'putrāḥ'.

कियन्तम् (kiyantam) - how long (referring to time) (how much, how many, how great)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kiyat

kiyat - how much, how many, how great, for how long

Note: Adjective for 'kālam'.

कालम् (kālam) - duration (of time) (time, period, duration)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, duration, black, death

Note: Denotes duration of action.

अवसन् (avasan) - they resided (they resided, they dwelt)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vas

Imperfect tense

Root vas (to dwell), imperfect tense, 3rd person plural.

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Preceded by 'a' (augment) for past tense.

पर्वते (parvate) - on the mountain

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill

Note: Denotes location.

गन्धमादने (gandhamādane) - on Mount Gandhamādana (on Gandhamādana (a mountain name))

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gandhamādana

gandhamādana - Gandhamādana (name of a mythical mountain)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gandha+mādana)

• gandha – smell, fragrance, scent
  noun (masculine)
• mādana – intoxicating, gladdening, exhilarating
  adjective (masculine)
  From root mad (to rejoice, be intoxicated) + suffix -ana
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Adjective/name specifying the mountain.