महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-157, verse-56

तमापतन्तं वेगेन प्रभिन्नमिव वारणम् ।
वत्सदन्तैस्त्रिभिः पार्श्वे भीमसेनः समर्पयत् ॥५६॥

56. tamāpatantaṁ vegena prabhinnamiva vāraṇam ,
vatsadantaistribhiḥ pārśve bhīmasenaḥ samarpayat.

56. tam āpatantam vegena prabhinnam iva vāraṇam |
vatsadantaiḥ tribhiḥ pārśve bhīmasenaḥ samarpayat

56. Bhimasena struck him in the side with three `vatsadanta` arrows as he rapidly approached, resembling an elephant in rut.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, coming towards

• वेगेन (vegena) - by speed, with force, rapidly

• प्रभिन्नम् (prabhinnam) - in rut (referring to an elephant) (broken, split, in rut (for an elephant))

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• वारणम् (vāraṇam) - elephant (elephant, warding off, preventing)

• वत्सदन्तैः (vatsadantaiḥ) - with arrows specifically known as `vatsadanta` (calf-tooth) type, often referring to a certain shape or sharpness (with calf-teeth, with vatsadanta arrows)

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three, with three

• पार्श्वे (pārśve) - in the side, on the flank, at the side

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (name of a warrior)

• समर्पयत् (samarpayat) - he struck, embedded (he delivered, entrusted, inserted, struck)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, coming towards

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatant

āpatant - approaching, falling upon

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √pat with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

वेगेन (vegena) - by speed, with force, rapidly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impulse

Root: vij (class 6)

प्रभिन्नम् (prabhinnam) - in rut (referring to an elephant) (broken, split, in rut (for an elephant))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prabhinna

prabhinna - broken, split, pierced; (of an elephant) in rut

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √bhid with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: bhid (class 7)

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

वारणम् (vāraṇam) - elephant (elephant, warding off, preventing)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāraṇa

vāraṇa - elephant; preventing, hindering; a shield

Root: vṛ (class 5)

वत्सदन्तैः (vatsadantaiḥ) - with arrows specifically known as `vatsadanta` (calf-tooth) type, often referring to a certain shape or sharpness (with calf-teeth, with vatsadanta arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vatsadanta

vatsadanta - calf's tooth; a type of arrow

Compound type : tatpurusha (vatsa+danta)

• vatsa – calf, offspring, child
  noun (masculine)
• danta – tooth, tusk; arrow (poetic)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dam (class 1)

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three, with three

(numeral)

पार्श्वे (pārśve) - in the side, on the flank, at the side

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pārśva

pārśva - side, flank, vicinity

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (name of a warrior)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (name of the second Pāṇḍava brother)

समर्पयत् (samarpayat) - he struck, embedded (he delivered, entrusted, inserted, struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of samarpay

Causative verb

Causative of root √ṛ (to go) with upasargas sam- and ā-

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: ṛ (class 1)