महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-8, verse-8

तमासनगतं तत्र सर्वाः प्रकृतयस्तथा ।
ब्राह्मणा नैगमाश्चैव परिवार्योपतस्थिरे ॥८॥

8. tamāsanagataṁ tatra sarvāḥ prakṛtayastathā ,
brāhmaṇā naigamāścaiva parivāryopatasthire.

8. tam āsana-gatam tatra sarvāḥ prakṛtayaḥ tathā
brāhmaṇāḥ naigamāḥ ca eva parivārya upatasthire

8. tatra sarvāḥ prakṛtayaḥ tathā brāhmaṇāḥ ca eva
naigamāḥ parivārya āsana-gatam tam upatasthire

8. There, all the citizens (prakṛtis), as well as brahmins and merchants, surrounded him, who was seated, and stood respectfully.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Him (referring to Arjuna). (him, that, that one)

• आसन-गतम् (āsana-gatam) - seated, gone to a seat

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every, whole

• प्रकृतयः (prakṛtayaḥ) - Refers to the ordinary people or citizens present in the assembly. (citizens, subjects, intrinsic nature (prakṛti), fundamental matter)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, as well as

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - brahmins

• नैगमाः (naigamāḥ) - merchants, traders, townsmen

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

• परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, having encircled

• उपतस्थिरे (upatasthire) - Stood near respectfully, served. (stood near, attended, worshipped)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Him (referring to Arjuna). (him, that, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आसन-गतम् (āsana-gatam) - seated, gone to a seat

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āsana-gata

āsana-gata - seated, gone to a seat, occupying a seat

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āsana+gata)

• āsana – seat, sitting
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root ās (to sit)
  Root: ās (class 2)
• gata – gone, arrived, reached
  participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every, whole

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

प्रकृतयः (prakṛtayaḥ) - Refers to the ordinary people or citizens present in the assembly. (citizens, subjects, intrinsic nature (prakṛti), fundamental matter)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, intrinsic nature (prakṛti), primary matter, origin, citizens, subjects

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, as well as

(indeclinable)

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, a member of the priestly class

नैगमाः (naigamāḥ) - merchants, traders, townsmen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naigama

naigama - merchant, trader, townsman, citizen; related to the Veda (Nigama)

Derived from nigama (town, market, Veda)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded, having encircled

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From root vṛ (to cover, enclose) with upasargas pari and ā, with suffix -ya (for compound verbs)

Prefixes: pari+ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

उपतस्थिरे (upatasthire) - Stood near respectfully, served. (stood near, attended, worshipped)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (lit) of upasthā

perfect tense

Perfect 3rd person plural ātmanepada

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)