महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-8, verse-39

तत्सागरसमप्रख्यं वृष्णिचक्रं महर्द्धिमत् ।
उवाह रथिनां श्रेष्ठः पार्थः परपुरंजयः ॥३९॥

39. tatsāgarasamaprakhyaṁ vṛṣṇicakraṁ maharddhimat ,
uvāha rathināṁ śreṣṭhaḥ pārthaḥ parapuraṁjayaḥ.

39. tat sāgarasamaprakhyam vṛṣṇicakram maharddhimat
uvāha rathinām śreṣṭhaḥ pārthaḥ parapurañjayaḥ

39. rathinām śreṣṭhaḥ parapurañjayaḥ pārthaḥ tat
sāgarasamaprakhyam maharddhimat vṛṣṇicakram uvāha

39. The best among charioteers, Arjuna (pārtha), conqueror of enemy cities, carried that mighty multitude of Vrishnis, which resembled the ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (multitude) (that, therefore)

• सागरसमप्रख्यम् (sāgarasamaprakhyam) - resembling the ocean in vastness/number (resembling the ocean, ocean-like)

• वृष्णिचक्रम् (vṛṣṇicakram) - the entire community/group of Vrishnis (the multitude of Vrishnis, the Vrishni clan)

• महर्द्धिमत् (maharddhimat) - greatly prosperous and powerful (mighty, greatly prosperous, wealthy)

• उवाह (uvāha) - led, brought them safely (carried, bore, led)

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - among the class of charioteers (of charioteers, among charioteers)

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - the pre-eminent one (best, most excellent, superior)

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, the hero (Arjuna, son of Pritha (Kunti))

• परपुरञ्जयः (parapurañjayaḥ) - epithet for Arjuna, indicating his prowess in war (conqueror of enemy cities)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (multitude) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Vrishni multitude.

सागरसमप्रख्यम् (sāgarasamaprakhyam) - resembling the ocean in vastness/number (resembling the ocean, ocean-like)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sāgarasamaprakhya

sāgarasamaprakhya - resembling the ocean, ocean-like

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sāgara+sama+prakhya)

• sāgara – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)
• sama – equal, similar, like
  adjective (masculine)
• prakhya – resembling, appearing like
  adjective (masculine)
  from pra + khyā (to see, appear)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with vṛṣṇicakram.

वृष्णिचक्रम् (vṛṣṇicakram) - the entire community/group of Vrishnis (the multitude of Vrishnis, the Vrishni clan)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vṛṣṇicakra

vṛṣṇicakra - multitude of Vrishnis, Vrishni clan/group

Compound type : tatpurusha (vṛṣṇi+cakra)

• vṛṣṇi – the Vrishnis (a Yadava clan)
  proper noun (masculine)
• cakra – wheel, circle, multitude, group
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of uvāha.

महर्द्धिमत् (maharddhimat) - greatly prosperous and powerful (mighty, greatly prosperous, wealthy)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of maharddhimat

maharddhimat - greatly prosperous, mighty, wealthy

suff. matup added to maharddhi

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ṛddhi)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• ṛddhi – prosperity, success, wealth
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with vṛṣṇicakram.

उवाह (uvāha) - led, brought them safely (carried, bore, led)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vah

Perfect Active

Root vah, 3rd person singular, perfect active

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Verb for pārtha.

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - among the class of charioteers (of charioteers, among charioteers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior in a chariot

from ratha + ini

Note: Part of the superlative comparison 'best among charioteers'.

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - the pre-eminent one (best, most excellent, superior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, superior

Superlative of praśasya (excellent), irreg. formation

Note: Agrees with pārthaḥ.

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna, the hero (Arjuna, son of Pritha (Kunti))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - Arjuna, son of Pṛthā (Kuntī)

Derived from Pṛthā (Kunti), a matronymic

Note: Subject of uvāha.

परपुरञ्जयः (parapurañjayaḥ) - epithet for Arjuna, indicating his prowess in war (conqueror of enemy cities)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parapurañjaya

parapurañjaya - conqueror of enemy cities

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+puraṃjaya)

• para – other, enemy
  adjective (masculine)
• puraṃjaya – city-conquering, conqueror of cities
  adjective (masculine)
  from pura (city) + jaya (victory/conquest)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Epithet agreeing with pārthaḥ.