महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-8, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्तः स बीभत्सुर्मातुलेन परंतपः ।
दुर्मना दीनमनसं वसुदेवमुवाच ह ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktaḥ sa bībhatsurmātulena paraṁtapaḥ ,
durmanā dīnamanasaṁ vasudevamuvāca ha.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca evam uktaḥ saḥ bībhatsuḥ mātulena
paraṃtapaḥ durmanāḥ dīnamanasam vasudevam uvāca ha

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Thus addressed by his maternal uncle, that Arjuna (Bībhatsu), the tormentor of foes, being dejected in mind, then spoke to the sorrowful Vasudeva.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of the narrator) (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Bībhatsu (Arjuna) (Bībhatsu (epithet of Arjuna), disgusting, abhorrent)

• मातुलेन (mātulena) - by the maternal uncle (Vasudeva) (by the maternal uncle)

• परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - tormentor of foes (Arjuna) (tormentor of foes)

• दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - dejected, sad-minded, sorrowful

• दीनमनसम् (dīnamanasam) - to the sorrowful-minded, to the dejected

• वसुदेवम् (vasudevam) - to Vasudeva (father of Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna's maternal uncle's brother) (to Vasudeva)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of the narrator) (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'uktaḥ'.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, addressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

Past Passive Participle

From vac (to speak), irregular past participle.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ bībhatsuḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - Bībhatsu (Arjuna) (Bībhatsu (epithet of Arjuna), disgusting, abhorrent)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bībhatsu

bībhatsu - disgusting, abhorrent; a name of Arjuna (one who abhors foul deeds)

From root bībhats (to be disgusted).

Root: bībhats (class 0)

मातुलेन (mātulena) - by the maternal uncle (Vasudeva) (by the maternal uncle)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mātula

mātula - maternal uncle

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'uktaḥ'.

परंतपः (paraṁtapaḥ) - tormentor of foes (Arjuna) (tormentor of foes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of enemies, oppressor of foes

para (enemy) + tapa (burning, tormenting)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

• para – other, enemy, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• tapa – burning, tormenting, heat
  noun (masculine)
  From root tap (to heat, burn, torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ bībhatsuḥ'.

दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - dejected, sad-minded, sorrowful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmanas

durmanas - dejected, sad, ill-disposed

dur (bad, difficult) + manas (mind)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dus+manas)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating badness or difficulty
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ bībhatsuḥ'.

दीनमनसम् (dīnamanasam) - to the sorrowful-minded, to the dejected

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dīnamanas

dīnamanas - sad-minded, dejected, sorrowful

dīna (wretched, sad) + manas (mind)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīna+manas)

• dīna – wretched, miserable, sad, humble
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root 'dī' (to fade, be depressed)
  Root: dī (class 4)
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'vasudevam'.

वसुदेवम् (vasudevam) - to Vasudeva (father of Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna's maternal uncle's brother) (to Vasudeva)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vasudeva

vasudeva - Vasudeva (father of Kṛṣṇa)

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: An emphatic or expletive particle.