महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-8, verse-51

तथोक्तास्तेन वीरेण कदर्थीकृत्य तद्वचः ।
अभिपेतुर्जनं मूढा वार्यमाणाः पुनः पुनः ॥५१॥

51. tathoktāstena vīreṇa kadarthīkṛtya tadvacaḥ ,
abhipeturjanaṁ mūḍhā vāryamāṇāḥ punaḥ punaḥ.

51. tathā uktāḥ tena vīreṇa kadarthīkṛtya tat vacaḥ
abhipeyuḥ janam mūḍhāḥ vāryamāṇāḥ punaḥ punaḥ

51. tena vīreṇa tathā uktāḥ mūḍhāḥ tat vacaḥ kadarthīkṛtya
punaḥ punaḥ vāryamāṇāḥ api janam abhipeyuḥ

51. Although thus addressed by that hero, those foolish ones, disregarding his words, repeatedly rushed towards the people, even as they were being restrained again and again.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• उक्ताः (uktāḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

• तेन (tena) - by him, by that

• वीरेण (vīreṇa) - by the hero

• कदर्थीकृत्य (kadarthīkṛtya) - having disregarded, having humiliated, having treated badly

• तत् (tat) - that (hero's) word (that)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

• अभिपेयुः (abhipeyuḥ) - they attacked, rushed towards

• जनम् (janam) - people, person, multitude

• मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - foolish, bewildered, ignorant

• वार्यमाणाः (vāryamāṇāḥ) - being restrained, being checked

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

उक्ताः (uktāḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ukta

ukta - spoken, said

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak), irregular past passive participle

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to the 'mūḍhāḥ' (foolish ones).

तेन (tena) - by him, by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the 'vīreṇa'.

वीरेण (vīreṇa) - by the hero

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

कदर्थीकृत्य (kadarthīkṛtya) - having disregarded, having humiliated, having treated badly

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from kadartha (bad meaning) + kṛ (to do) + -tya suffix for absolutive

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तत् (tat) - that (hero's) word (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'vacaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

अभिपेयुः (abhipeyuḥ) - they attacked, rushed towards

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of abhi-i

perfect (liṭ)

From root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'abhi'

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

जनम् (janam) - people, person, multitude

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, people, man

Note: Used collectively for 'people'.

मूढाः (mūḍhāḥ) - foolish, bewildered, ignorant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, bewildered, deluded

Past Passive Participle

From root muh (to be bewildered)

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: The subject of 'abhipeyuḥ'.

वार्यमाणाः (vāryamāṇāḥ) - being restrained, being checked

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāryamāṇa

vāryamāṇa - being restrained, being hindered

Present Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover, restrain), passive stem vārya-, with -māṇa suffix

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'mūḍhāḥ'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice for emphasis: 'again and again'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)