महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-16, chapter-8, verse-49

ततो निवृत्तः कौन्तेयः सहसा सपदानुगः ।
उवाच तान्महाबाहुरर्जुनः प्रहसन्निव ॥४९॥

49. tato nivṛttaḥ kaunteyaḥ sahasā sapadānugaḥ ,
uvāca tānmahābāhurarjunaḥ prahasanniva.

49. tataḥ nivṛttaḥ kaunteyaḥ sahasā sapadānugaḥ
uvāca tān mahābāhuḥ arjunaḥ prahasan iva

49. tataḥ kaunteyaḥ arjunaḥ mahābāhuḥ sahasā
sapadānugaḥ nivṛttaḥ prahasan iva tān uvāca

49. Then Arjuna, the mighty-armed son of Kunti, swiftly turned back with his followers and addressed them as if with a laugh.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - turned back, returned

• कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Arjuna, the son of Kunti (the son of Kunti (Arjuna))

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, swiftly

• सपदानुगः (sapadānugaḥ) - with his followers, accompanied by followers

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke

• तान् (tān) - to the robbers (to them)

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - Arjuna, the mighty-armed (mighty-armed)

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

suffix -tas (ablative sense)

निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - turned back, returned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - turned back, returned, ceased, retired

past passive participle

from root vṛt (to turn, be) with upasarga ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Arjuna, the son of Kunti (the son of Kunti (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti

patronymic from Kunti

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

instrumental form of sahas (force, power) used adverbially

Root: sah (class 1)

सपदानुगः (sapadānugaḥ) - with his followers, accompanied by followers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sapadānuga

sapadānuga - accompanied by followers, having one's followers

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+pada+anuga)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  prefix meaning 'with', 'together with'
• pada – foot, step, mark, path
  noun (neuter)
  from root pad (to go)
  Root: pad (class 4)
• anuga – going after, follower, attendant
  noun (masculine)
  from anu-gam (to follow)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect

perfect form of root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तान् (tān) - to the robbers (to them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - Arjuna, the mighty-armed (mighty-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty, powerful
  adjective (feminine)
  feminine form of mahat, often used as a prefix in compounds
• bāhu – arm, fore-arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince), white, silver

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing, smiling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasat

prahasat - laughing, smiling, merry

present active participle

from root has (to laugh) with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

(indeclinable)