महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-123, verse-74

अथाब्रवीन्महात्मानं भारद्वाजो महारथम् ।
गृहाणेदं महाबाहो विशिष्टमतिदुर्धरम् ।
अस्त्रं ब्रह्मशिरो नाम सप्रयोगनिवर्तनम् ॥७४॥

74. athābravīnmahātmānaṁ bhāradvājo mahāratham ,
gṛhāṇedaṁ mahābāho viśiṣṭamatidurdharam ,
astraṁ brahmaśiro nāma saprayoganivartanam.

74. atha abravīt mahātmānam bhāradvājaḥ
mahāratham gṛhāṇa idam mahābāho
viśiṣṭam atidurgharam astram
brahmaśiraḥ nāma saprayoganivartanam

74. Then Drona, the great warrior, addressed the great-souled (mahātman) Arjuna, saying: "O mighty-armed one, accept this exceptional and exceedingly powerful weapon (astram) called Brahmasiras, which includes both its method of deployment and its withdrawal."

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thus

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - to the great-souled (Arjuna) (to the great-souled one, to Arjuna)

• भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Drona (Bhāradvāja (Drona))

• महारथम् (mahāratham) - to the great warrior (Arjuna) (to the great warrior)

• गृहाण (gṛhāṇa) - take, accept, receive

• इदम् (idam) - this (weapon) (this)

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one (Arjuna)! (O mighty-armed one!)

• विशिष्टम् (viśiṣṭam) - exceptional, distinguished, superior

• अतिदुर्घरम् (atidurgharam) - exceedingly powerful (difficult to wield) (extremely difficult to bear/wield)

• अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon (astram) (weapon (especially projectile or magical))

• ब्रह्मशिरः (brahmaśiraḥ) - the weapon named Brahmasiras (Brahmasiras (name of a weapon))

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named

• सप्रयोगनिवर्तनम् (saprayoganivartanam) - including its method of deployment and withdrawal (along with its deployment and withdrawal)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thus

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Past Imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - to the great-souled (Arjuna) (to the great-souled one, to Arjuna)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, a great person, the supreme (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

भारद्वाजः (bhāradvājaḥ) - Drona (Bhāradvāja (Drona))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - descendant of Bharadvāja; Drona (name of the teacher)

महारथम् (mahāratham) - to the great warrior (Arjuna) (to the great warrior)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, one who can fight ten thousand warriors

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ratha)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (by extension, referring to one who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

गृहाण (gṛhāṇa) - take, accept, receive

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, Imperative (loṭ) of grah

Root: grah (class 9)

इदम् (idam) - this (weapon) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one (Arjuna)! (O mighty-armed one!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, having great arms (an epithet for heroes)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bāhu)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

विशिष्टम् (viśiṣṭam) - exceptional, distinguished, superior

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viśiṣṭa

viśiṣṭa - exceptional, distinguished, superior, specific

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: vi

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

अतिदुर्घरम् (atidurgharam) - exceedingly powerful (difficult to wield) (extremely difficult to bear/wield)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of atidurghara

atidurghara - extremely difficult to bear, very hard to hold/wield

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+durghara)

• ati – very, exceedingly, beyond
  indeclinable
• durghara – difficult to bear/hold/wield
  adjective
  Derived with prefix dur- (difficult) from root ghṛ (to bear)
  Prefix: dur
  Root: ghṛ (class 1)

अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon (astram) (weapon (especially projectile or magical))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - missile, weapon (especially one discharged by magical incantation)

Root: as (class 4)

ब्रह्मशिरः (brahmaśiraḥ) - the weapon named Brahmasiras (Brahmasiras (name of a weapon))

(proper noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahmaśiras

brahmaśiras - the head of Brahma; a powerful divine weapon (astram)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+śiras)

• brahman – Brahma (the creator god), sacred utterance, ultimate reality
  noun (masculine)
• śiras – head, top, peak
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used here as a predicate noun, naming the 'astram'.

नाम (nāma) - by name, named

(indeclinable)

सप्रयोगनिवर्तनम् (saprayoganivartanam) - including its method of deployment and withdrawal (along with its deployment and withdrawal)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saprayoganivartana

saprayoganivartana - with its application and withdrawal, including the method of deployment and cessation

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+prayoga+nivartana)

• sa – with, together with (prefix)
  indeclinable
• prayoga – application, deployment, use, experiment
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• nivartana – withdrawal, turning back, cessation
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)