महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-123, verse-45

तांस्तु सर्वान्समानीय सर्वविद्यासु निष्ठितान् ।
द्रोणः प्रहरणज्ञाने जिज्ञासुः पुरुषर्षभ ॥४५॥

45. tāṁstu sarvānsamānīya sarvavidyāsu niṣṭhitān ,
droṇaḥ praharaṇajñāne jijñāsuḥ puruṣarṣabha.

45. tān tu sarvān samānīya sarvavidyāsu niṣṭhitān
droṇaḥ praharaṇajñāne jijñāsuḥ puruṣarṣabha

45. O best of men (puruṣa), Droṇa, wishing to assess their skill in weaponry, gathered all those princes who were proficient in all branches of learning.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those (princes) (those (masculine accusative plural))

• तु (tu) - (emphatic or contrasting particle) (but, indeed, however)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (those princes) (all, every (masculine accusative plural))

• समानीय (samānīya) - having gathered (having brought together, having assembled)

• सर्वविद्यासु (sarvavidyāsu) - in all branches of learning (in all sciences/arts/branches of knowledge)

• निष्ठितान् (niṣṭhitān) - proficient (accomplished, skilled, proficient (masculine accusative plural))

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (Droṇa (name of the teacher))

• प्रहरणज्ञाने (praharaṇajñāne) - in their skill in weaponry (in the knowledge of striking/weapons)

• जिज्ञासुः (jijñāsuḥ) - wishing to assess (desirous to know) (desirous to know, inquisitive, seeker of knowledge)

• पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men (puruṣa) (O best of men, O chief among men)

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those (princes) (those (masculine accusative plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Masculine accusative plural of `tad`.

तु (tu) - (emphatic or contrasting particle) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (those princes) (all, every (masculine accusative plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Masculine accusative plural of `sarva`.

समानीय (samānīya) - having gathered (having brought together, having assembled)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √nī (1P) with prefixes `sam` and `ā`, and suffix -ya.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: nī (class 1)

सर्वविद्यासु (sarvavidyāsu) - in all branches of learning (in all sciences/arts/branches of knowledge)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of sarvavidyā

sarvavidyā - all knowledge, all sciences/arts

Compound: `sarva` (all) + `vidyā` (knowledge).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+vidyā)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun
• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science, art
  noun (feminine)
  From root √vid 'to know'.
  Root: vid (class 2)

निष्ठितान् (niṣṭhitān) - proficient (accomplished, skilled, proficient (masculine accusative plural))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of niṣṭhita

niṣṭhita - accomplished, skilled, proficient, established, fixed

Past Passive Participle

From root √sthā (1P) with prefix `nis`, and suffix -ta.

Prefix: nis

Root: sthā (class 1)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (Droṇa (name of the teacher))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (proper name, also a measure of grain, a kind of vessel)

Root: dru (class 1)

प्रहरणज्ञाने (praharaṇajñāne) - in their skill in weaponry (in the knowledge of striking/weapons)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of praharaṇajñāna

praharaṇajñāna - knowledge of weapons, skill in striking

Compound: `praharaṇa` (weapon, striking) + `jñāna` (knowledge).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (praharaṇa+jñāna)

• praharaṇa – weapon, striking, hitting
  noun (neuter)
  From root √hṛ (1U) with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• jñāna – knowledge, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  From root √jñā (9P) with suffix -ana.
  Root: jñā (class 9)

जिज्ञासुः (jijñāsuḥ) - wishing to assess (desirous to know) (desirous to know, inquisitive, seeker of knowledge)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jijñāsu

jijñāsu - desirous to know, inquisitive, seeker of knowledge

Desiderative participle

Derived from desiderative stem of √jñā (9P) with suffix -u.

Root: jñā (class 9)

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men (puruṣa) (O best of men, O chief among men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - chief among men, best of men, eminent man

Compound: `puruṣa` (man) + `ṛṣabha` (bull, chief, best).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, person, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)