महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-123, verse-45

तांस्तु सर्वान्समानीय सर्वविद्यासु निष्ठितान् ।
द्रोणः प्रहरणज्ञाने जिज्ञासुः पुरुषर्षभ ॥४५॥

45. tāṁstu sarvānsamānīya sarvavidyāsu niṣṭhitān ,
droṇaḥ praharaṇajñāne jijñāsuḥ puruṣarṣabha.

45. tān tu sarvān samānīya sarvavidyāsu niṣṭhitān
droṇaḥ praharaṇajñāne jijñāsuḥ puruṣarṣabha

45. O best of men (puruṣa), Droṇa, wishing to assess their skill in weaponry, gathered all those princes who were proficient in all branches of learning.

45. ואז דְרוֹנַה כינס את כולם, אלה שהשלימו את לימודיהם בכל התחומים, ורצה לבחון את ידיעתם בנשק, הו אדם דגול.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those (princes) (those (masculine accusative plural))

• तु (tu) - (emphatic or contrasting particle) (but, indeed, however)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (those princes) (all, every (masculine accusative plural))

• समानीय (samānīya) - having gathered (having brought together, having assembled)

• सर्वविद्यासु (sarvavidyāsu) - in all branches of learning (in all sciences/arts/branches of knowledge)

• निष्ठितान् (niṣṭhitān) - proficient (accomplished, skilled, proficient (masculine accusative plural))

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (Droṇa (name of the teacher))

• प्रहरणज्ञाने (praharaṇajñāne) - in their skill in weaponry (in the knowledge of striking/weapons)

• जिज्ञासुः (jijñāsuḥ) - wishing to assess (desirous to know) (desirous to know, inquisitive, seeker of knowledge)

• पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men (puruṣa) (O best of men, O chief among men)

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those (princes) (those (masculine accusative plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Masculine accusative plural of `tad`.

तु (tu) - (emphatic or contrasting particle) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (those princes) (all, every (masculine accusative plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Masculine accusative plural of `sarva`.

समानीय (samānīya) - having gathered (having brought together, having assembled)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √nī (1P) with prefixes `sam` and `ā`, and suffix -ya.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: nī (class 1)

सर्वविद्यासु (sarvavidyāsu) - in all branches of learning (in all sciences/arts/branches of knowledge)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of sarvavidyā

sarvavidyā - all knowledge, all sciences/arts

Compound: `sarva` (all) + `vidyā` (knowledge).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+vidyā)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun
• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science, art
  noun (feminine)
  From root √vid 'to know'.
  Root: vid (class 2)

निष्ठितान् (niṣṭhitān) - proficient (accomplished, skilled, proficient (masculine accusative plural))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of niṣṭhita

niṣṭhita - accomplished, skilled, proficient, established, fixed

Past Passive Participle

From root √sthā (1P) with prefix `nis`, and suffix -ta.

Prefix: nis

Root: sthā (class 1)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa (Droṇa (name of the teacher))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (proper name, also a measure of grain, a kind of vessel)

Root: dru (class 1)

प्रहरणज्ञाने (praharaṇajñāne) - in their skill in weaponry (in the knowledge of striking/weapons)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of praharaṇajñāna

praharaṇajñāna - knowledge of weapons, skill in striking

Compound: `praharaṇa` (weapon, striking) + `jñāna` (knowledge).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (praharaṇa+jñāna)

• praharaṇa – weapon, striking, hitting
  noun (neuter)
  From root √hṛ (1U) with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• jñāna – knowledge, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  From root √jñā (9P) with suffix -ana.
  Root: jñā (class 9)

जिज्ञासुः (jijñāsuḥ) - wishing to assess (desirous to know) (desirous to know, inquisitive, seeker of knowledge)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jijñāsu

jijñāsu - desirous to know, inquisitive, seeker of knowledge

Desiderative participle

Derived from desiderative stem of √jñā (9P) with suffix -u.

Root: jñā (class 9)

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men (puruṣa) (O best of men, O chief among men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - chief among men, best of men, eminent man

Compound: `puruṣa` (man) + `ṛṣabha` (bull, chief, best).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, person, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

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