महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-123, verse-52

पश्यस्येनं द्रुमाग्रस्थं भासं नरवरात्मज ।
पश्यामीत्येवमाचार्यं प्रत्युवाच युधिष्ठिरः ॥५२॥

52. paśyasyenaṁ drumāgrasthaṁ bhāsaṁ naravarātmaja ,
paśyāmītyevamācāryaṁ pratyuvāca yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.

52. paśyasi enam drumāgrastham bhāsam naravarātmaja |
paśyāmi iti evam ācāryam pratyuvāca yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

52. “Do you see this bird (bhāsa) perched on the treetop, O son of the best of men?” “I see it!”—thus Yudhishthira replied to the teacher.

Words meanings summery:

• पश्यसि (paśyasi) - you see, you behold

• एनम् (enam) - this, this one

• द्रुमाग्रस्थम् (drumāgrastham) - perched on the treetop, situated at the top of the tree

• भासम् (bhāsam) - the bird that is the target (bird; shining one)

• नरवरात्मज (naravarātmaja) - O Yudhishthira (O son of the best of men)

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this way

• आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - to Drona, the teacher (teacher, preceptor)

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, spoke back

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (a proper name)

Words meanings and morphology

पश्यसि (paśyasi) - you see, you behold

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of paśyasi

Present Active Indicative

Root dṛś, 4th conjugation, parasmaipada, 2nd person singular

Root: dṛś (class 4)

एनम् (enam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, this one

द्रुमाग्रस्थम् (drumāgrastham) - perched on the treetop, situated at the top of the tree

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of drumāgrastha

drumāgrastha - perched on the treetop, situated at the top of the tree

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (druma+agra+stha)

• druma – tree, wood
  noun (masculine)
• agra – top, summit, tip, front
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, situated, abiding
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix -stha
  Derived from root sthā (to stand) with suffix -a
  Root: sthā (class 1)

भासम् (bhāsam) - the bird that is the target (bird; shining one)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāsa

bhāsa - bird; shining one; sun; light

नरवरात्मज (naravarātmaja) - O Yudhishthira (O son of the best of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naravarātmaja

naravarātmaja - son of the best of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (naravara+ātmaja)

• naravara – best of men
  noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son (one born from oneself)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from ātman (self) and ja (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of paśyāmi

Present Active Indicative

Root dṛś, 4th conjugation, parasmaipada, 1st person singular

Root: dṛś (class 4)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this way

(indeclinable)

आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - to Drona, the teacher (teacher, preceptor)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, spoke back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (lit) of pratyuvāca

Perfect Active Indicative

Root vac (to speak), with prefix prati, 3rd person singular

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name of the eldest Pandava brother, meaning 'firm in battle')