महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-123, verse-54

तमुवाच स कौन्तेयः पश्याम्येनं वनस्पतिम् ।
भवन्तं च तथा भ्रातॄन्भासं चेति पुनः पुनः ॥५४॥

54. tamuvāca sa kaunteyaḥ paśyāmyenaṁ vanaspatim ,
bhavantaṁ ca tathā bhrātṝnbhāsaṁ ceti punaḥ punaḥ.

54. tam uvāca sa kaunteyaḥ paśyāmi enam vanaspatim |
bhavantam ca tathā bhrātṝn bhāsam ca iti punaḥ punaḥ

54. That son of Kunti (Kaunteya) replied to him, “I see this tree, and you, and my brothers, and the bird (bhāsa)” — repeatedly.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - to him (Drona) (him, that one)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said, replied

• स (sa) - He (Yudhishthira) (he, that)

• कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Yudhishthira, son of Kunti (son of Kunti)

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

• एनम् (enam) - this, this one

• वनस्पतिम् (vanaspatim) - the tree mentioned in the previous verse (tree, forest lord)

• भवन्तम् (bhavantam) - you (addressing Drona) (you (respectful))

• च (ca) - and, also

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, likewise, also

• भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - my brothers (Pandavas) (brothers)

• भासम् (bhāsam) - the bird that is the target (bird; shining one)

• च (ca) - and, also

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

• पुनः (punaḥ) - forms the phrase 'repeatedly' with the preceding 'punaḥ' (again, once more)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - to him (Drona) (him, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said, replied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (lit) of uvāca

Perfect Active Indicative

Root vac (to speak), 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

स (sa) - He (Yudhishthira) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Yudhishthira, son of Kunti (son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti (e.g., Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna)

Patronymic derivation from Kunti

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of paśyāmi

Present Active Indicative

Root dṛś, 4th conjugation, parasmaipada, 1st person singular

Root: dṛś (class 4)

एनम् (enam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, this one

वनस्पतिम् (vanaspatim) - the tree mentioned in the previous verse (tree, forest lord)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vanaspati

vanaspati - tree, large tree, forest lord

भवन्तम् (bhavantam) - you (addressing Drona) (you (respectful))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhavant

bhavant - you (respectful form), Sir

Present Active Participle

Derived from root bhū (to be), used as an honorific pronoun

Root: bhū (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, likewise, also

(indeclinable)

भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - my brothers (Pandavas) (brothers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

भासम् (bhāsam) - the bird that is the target (bird; shining one)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāsa

bhāsa - bird; shining one; sun; light

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - forms the phrase 'repeatedly' with the preceding 'punaḥ' (again, once more)

(indeclinable)