महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-123, verse-58

ततो धनंजयं द्रोणः स्मयमानोऽभ्यभाषत ।
त्वयेदानीं प्रहर्तव्यमेतल्लक्ष्यं निशम्यताम् ॥५८॥

58. tato dhanaṁjayaṁ droṇaḥ smayamāno'bhyabhāṣata ,
tvayedānīṁ prahartavyametallakṣyaṁ niśamyatām.

58. tataḥ dhanañjayam droṇaḥ smayamānaḥ abhyabhāṣata
tvayā idānīm prahartavyam etat lakṣyam niśamyatām

58. Then Drona, smiling, addressed Arjuna (Dhanañjaya): "Now you must strike this target; observe it carefully."

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence

• धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

• स्मयमानः (smayamānaḥ) - smiling

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - addressed

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at this time

• प्रहर्तव्यम् (prahartavyam) - should be struck, must be hit

• एतत् (etat) - this

• लक्ष्यम् (lakṣyam) - target, aim

• निशम्यताम् (niśamyatām) - let it be observed, let it be heard

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence

(indeclinable)

धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - conqueror of wealth (an epithet of Arjuna), fire

Compound type : Tatpurusha (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā
• jaya – victory, conquest, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of the teacher of the Pandavas and Kauravas), a measure of grain

Root: dru

स्मयमानः (smayamānaḥ) - smiling

(Present Middle Participle)

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (luṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect Tense, Atmanepada

Root bhāṣ preceded by prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at this time

(indeclinable)

प्रहर्तव्यम् (prahartavyam) - should be struck, must be hit

(Gerundive)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

लक्ष्यम् (lakṣyam) - target, aim

(noun)

neuter, singular of lakṣya

lakṣya - target, aim, mark, object to be observed

Gerundive (karmaṇi pratyaya)

Derived from root lakṣ (to mark, observe) with suffix -ya

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

निशम्यताम् (niśamyatām) - let it be observed, let it be heard

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of niśam

Imperative Mood, Atmanepada

Root śam (to calm) with prefix ni- in Causal form (śāmaya) and then used in passive sense or active 1P. Here, passive imperative.

Prefix: ni

Root: śam (class 4)