महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-123, verse-3

ततः कदाचिद्भुञ्जाने प्रववौ वायुरर्जुने ।
तेन तत्र प्रदीपः स दीप्यमानो निवापितः ॥३॥

3. tataḥ kadācidbhuñjāne pravavau vāyurarjune ,
tena tatra pradīpaḥ sa dīpyamāno nivāpitaḥ.

3. tataḥ kadācit bhuñjāne pravavau vāyuḥ arjune
tena tatra pradīpaḥ saḥ dīpyamānaḥ nivāpitaḥ

3. Then, one day, as Arjuna was eating, the wind blew. Because of it, the shining lamp that was there was extinguished.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - once, one day, sometimes

• भुञ्जाने (bhuñjāne) - while eating, to one eating

• प्रववौ (pravavau) - blew

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind

• अर्जुने (arjune) - in Arjuna's case, to Arjuna

• तेन (tena) - due to the wind (by it, by that)

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• प्रदीपः (pradīpaḥ) - lamp, light

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• दीप्यमानः (dīpyamānaḥ) - shining, blazing

• निवापितः (nivāpitaḥ) - extinguished, put out

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

कदाचित् (kadācit) - once, one day, sometimes

(indeclinable)

भुञ्जाने (bhuñjāne) - while eating, to one eating

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhuñjāna

bhuñjāna - eating, enjoying

Present Middle Participle

formed from root bhuj (to eat, enjoy)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Used here as a substantive: 'while he was eating'.

प्रववौ (pravavau) - blew

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pra-vā

Perfect

Prefix: pra

Root: vā (class 2)

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air; Vayu (god of wind)

अर्जुने (arjune) - in Arjuna's case, to Arjuna

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince); white, clear

तेन (tena) - due to the wind (by it, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

प्रदीपः (pradīpaḥ) - lamp, light

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradīpa

pradīpa - lamp, light, source of light

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दीप्यमानः (dīpyamānaḥ) - shining, blazing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīpyamāna

dīpyamāna - shining, radiant, blazing

Present Middle Participle

formed from root dīp (to shine)

Root: dīp (class 4)

निवापितः (nivāpitaḥ) - extinguished, put out

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivāpita

nivāpita - extinguished, put out, caused to cease

Past Passive Participle (causative)

formed from root vā (to blow) with ni- (down, in) and causative suffix -i

Prefix: ni

Root: vā (class 2)