महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-123, verse-44

प्राणाधिकं भीमसेनं कृतविद्यं धनंजयम् ।
धार्तराष्ट्रा दुरात्मानो नामृष्यन्त नराधिप ॥४४॥

44. prāṇādhikaṁ bhīmasenaṁ kṛtavidyaṁ dhanaṁjayam ,
dhārtarāṣṭrā durātmāno nāmṛṣyanta narādhipa.

44. prāṇādhikam bhīmasenam kṛtavidyam dhanaṃjayam
dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ durātmanaḥ na amṛṣyanta narādhipa

44. O King, the wicked-minded (ātman) sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra could not tolerate Bhīmasena, who was dearer than life to others, nor Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), who was accomplished in learning and skill.

44. הו שליט בני האדם, בני דְהְרְטַרָאשְׁטְרַה המרושעים לא יכלו לשאת את בְּהִימַסֵנַה, בעל כוח החיים העצום, ואת דְהַנַנְג׳ַיַה (אַרְג׳וּנַה) שהשלים את לימודיו.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राणाधिकम् (prāṇādhikam) - dearer than life (dearer than life, more than life)

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena (Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava))

• कृतविद्यम् (kṛtavidyam) - accomplished in learning and skill (accomplished in learning, educated, skilled)

• धनंजयम् (dhanaṁjayam) - Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) (Dhanañjaya (Arjuna's epithet, conqueror of wealth))

• धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the Dhārtarāṣṭras)

• दुरात्मनः (durātmanaḥ) - wicked-minded (ātman) (evil-minded, wicked-souled, villainous)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अमृष्यन्त (amṛṣyanta) - could not tolerate (they did not tolerate, they were not patient)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O King (O king of men, O lord of men)

Words meanings and morphology

प्राणाधिकम् (prāṇādhikam) - dearer than life (dearer than life, more than life)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prāṇādhika

prāṇādhika - dearer than life, exceeding life

Formed from `prāṇa` (life breath) + `adhika` (more, exceeding).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+adhika)

• prāṇa – life, breath, vital air
  noun (masculine)
  From root √an with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)
• adhika – more, excessive, superior
  adjective

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena (Bhīmasena (name of a Pāṇḍava))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (proper name, literally 'having a formidable army' or 'one whose army is terrible')

कृतविद्यम् (kṛtavidyam) - accomplished in learning and skill (accomplished in learning, educated, skilled)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtavidya

kṛtavidya - one who has acquired knowledge, learned, educated, skilled

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'one by whom knowledge has been made/acquired'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+vidyā)

• kṛta – done, made, accomplished
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √kṛ (8U) with suffix -ta
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science
  noun (feminine)
  From root √vid 'to know'.
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Refers to Dhanañjaya.

धनंजयम् (dhanaṁjayam) - Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) (Dhanañjaya (Arjuna's epithet, conqueror of wealth))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth; a name of Arjuna

Compound: `dhana` (wealth) + `ṃjaya` (conqueror, from √ji with infix).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• jaya – victory, conquest, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  From root √ji 'to conquer'.
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: An epithet for Arjuna.

धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the Dhārtarāṣṭras)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Taddhita derivation from Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

दुरात्मनः (durātmanaḥ) - wicked-minded (ātman) (evil-minded, wicked-souled, villainous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of durātman

durātman - evil-minded, wicked-souled, villainous

Compound: `dur` (bad, evil) + `ātman` (soul, self, mind).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dus+ātman)

• dus – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
  Prefix/upasarga meaning 'bad' or 'ill'.
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual soul
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

अमृष्यन्त (amṛṣyanta) - could not tolerate (they did not tolerate, they were not patient)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of mṛṣ

Imperfect (Laṅ)

3rd person plural active voice, Imperfect tense, from root √mṛṣ (4P).

Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O King (O king of men, O lord of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, lord of men

Compound: `nara` (man) + `adhipa` (lord, ruler).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  From root √pā with prefix adhi-.
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

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