योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-14, verse-25

यथान्धकारो दीपेन प्रेक्ष्यमाणः प्रणश्यति ।
न चास्य ज्ञायते तत्त्वमबोधस्यैवमेव हि ॥ २५ ॥

yathāndhakāro dīpena prekṣyamāṇaḥ praṇaśyati ,
na cāsya jñāyate tattvamabodhasyaivameva hi 25

25. yathā andhakāraḥ dīpena prekṣyamāṇaḥ praṇaśyati
na ca asya jñāyate tattvam abodhasya evam eva hi

25. yathā dīpena prekṣyamāṇaḥ andhakāraḥ praṇaśyati.
ca asya abodhasya tattvam evam eva hi na jñāyate.

25. Just as darkness, when observed by a lamp, vanishes completely without its true nature (tattva) being revealed, similarly, the true nature (tattva) of ignorance (abodha) is not known in that manner.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, like)

• अन्धकारः (andhakāraḥ) - darkness (darkness, gloom)

• दीपेन (dīpena) - by a lamp (by a lamp, by light)

• प्रेक्ष्यमाणः (prekṣyamāṇaḥ) - being observed (being observed, being seen, being perceived)

• प्रणश्यति (praṇaśyati) - vanishes completely (perishes, vanishes completely, is destroyed)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• अस्य (asya) - its (of the ignorance) (of this, of him, its)

• ज्ञायते (jñāyate) - is known (is known, is understood, is perceived)

• तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - true nature (tattva) (true nature, reality, essence, principle)

• अबोधस्य (abodhasya) - of ignorance (abodha) (of ignorance, of lack of knowledge)

• एवम् (evam) - in that manner (thus, in this manner, so)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly, even)

• हि (hi) - surely, indeed (indeed, surely, for)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, like)

(indeclinable)

अन्धकारः (andhakāraḥ) - darkness (darkness, gloom)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of andhakāra

andhakāra - darkness, gloom

दीपेन (dīpena) - by a lamp (by a lamp, by light)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dīpa

dīpa - lamp, light, source of light

Root: dīp (class 4)

प्रेक्ष्यमाणः (prekṣyamāṇaḥ) - being observed (being observed, being seen, being perceived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prekṣyamāṇa

prekṣyamāṇa - being observed, being seen, being perceived

Present Passive Participle

Present passive participle of root īkṣ with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'andhakāraḥ'.

प्रणश्यति (praṇaśyati) - vanishes completely (perishes, vanishes completely, is destroyed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of praṇaś

Root naś with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: naś (class 4)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अस्य (asya) - its (of the ignorance) (of this, of him, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the `abodhasya` (ignorance).

ज्ञायते (jñāyate) - is known (is known, is understood, is perceived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - true nature (tattva) (true nature, reality, essence, principle)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - true nature, reality, essence, principle, truth

From 'tat' (that) + '-tva' (abstract noun suffix)

अबोधस्य (abodhasya) - of ignorance (abodha) (of ignorance, of lack of knowledge)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of abodha

abodha - ignorance, lack of knowledge

Formed by adding 'a-' (negative prefix) to 'bodha' (knowledge)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a-+bodha)

• a- – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• bodha – knowledge, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root budh
  Root: budh (class 1)

एवम् (evam) - in that manner (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, certainly, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

हि (hi) - surely, indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.