मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-69, verse-61
राजोवाच ।
किं कृतं हि मया ब्रह्मन् ज्ञानादज्ञानतोऽपि वा ।
येन त्वत्तोर्ऽघमर्हामि नाहमभ्यागतश्चिरात् ॥६१॥
किं कृतं हि मया ब्रह्मन् ज्ञानादज्ञानतोऽपि वा ।
येन त्वत्तोर्ऽघमर्हामि नाहमभ्यागतश्चिरात् ॥६१॥
61. rājovāca .
kiṃ kṛtaṃ hi mayā brahman jñānādajñānato'pi vā .
yena tvattor'ghamarhāmi nāhamabhyāgataścirāt.
kiṃ kṛtaṃ hi mayā brahman jñānādajñānato'pi vā .
yena tvattor'ghamarhāmi nāhamabhyāgataścirāt.
61.
rājā uvāca | kim kṛtam hi mayā brahman jñānāt ajñānataḥ api
vā | yena tvattaḥ argham arhāmi na aham abhyāgataḥ cirāt
vā | yena tvattaḥ argham arhāmi na aham abhyāgataḥ cirāt
61.
The King said: 'O Brahmin, what indeed have I done, either knowingly or unknowingly, by which I do not deserve a respectful offering (argha) from you? After all, I have not visited for a long time!'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- राजा (rājā) - the King
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- किम् (kim) - what?
- कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed
- हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
- मया (mayā) - by me
- ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Addressing a Brahmin. (O Brahmin!)
- ज्ञानात् (jñānāt) - knowingly
- अज्ञानतः (ajñānataḥ) - unknowingly
- अपि (api) - even
- वा (vā) - or
- येन (yena) - by which, by whom
- त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you
- अर्घम् (argham) - respectful offering
- अर्हामि (arhāmi) - I deserve
- न (na) - not
- अहम् (aham) - I
- अभ्यागतः (abhyāgataḥ) - arrived, come as a guest
- चिरात् (cirāt) - for a long time, after a long time
Words meanings and morphology
राजा (rājā) - the King
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler
Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac
perfect active indicative
Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice (irregular root)
Root: √vac (class 2)
Note: Irregular perfect form.
किम् (kim) - what?
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kim
kim - what?, why?
कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta
kṛta - done, made, performed
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of √kṛ
Root: √kṛ (class 8)
Note: Predicative adjective.
हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
मया (mayā) - by me
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
Note: Agent in passive construction.
ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Addressing a Brahmin. (O Brahmin!)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman
brahman - Brahmin, priest, the Absolute (brahman)
ज्ञानात् (jñānāt) - knowingly
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of jñāna
jñāna - knowledge, knowing
Root: √jñā (class 9)
Note: Functions adverbially as 'knowingly'.
अज्ञानतः (ajñānataḥ) - unknowingly
(indeclinable)
Suffix -tas added to ajñāna
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - jñāna – knowledge
noun (neuter)
Root: √jñā (class 9)
Note: Functions adverbially.
अपि (api) - even
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphasizes 'unknowingly'.
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects 'jñānāt' and 'ajñānataḥ'.
येन (yena) - by which, by whom
(pronoun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, who, what
Note: Connects to the main clause indicating cause/means.
त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you
(indeclinable)
Suffix -tas added to tvad
Note: Indicates source.
अर्घम् (argham) - respectful offering
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of argha
argha - value, price, respectful offering, hospitality
Note: Object of 'arhāmi'.
अर्हामि (arhāmi) - I deserve
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √arh
present active indicative
Class 1 verb, 1st person singular, active voice
Root: √arh (class 1)
Note: The main verb of the relative clause.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
Note: Negates 'arhāmi'.
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
Note: Subject of 'abhyāgataḥ' (implied 'asmi').
अभ्यागतः (abhyāgataḥ) - arrived, come as a guest
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyāgata
abhyāgata - come, arrived, approached, a guest
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of abhi-ā-√gam
Prefixes: abhi+ā
Root: √gam (class 1)
Note: Functions as predicate with implied 'asmi' (I am).
चिरात् (cirāt) - for a long time, after a long time
(indeclinable)
Ablative of cira, used adverbially
Note: Indicates duration or interval.