मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-69, verse-24
ब्राह्मण उवाच ।
महाराज भृशार्त्तोऽस्मि श्रूयतां गदतो मम ।
नृणामार्तिपरित्राणमन्यतो न नराधिपात् ॥२४॥
महाराज भृशार्त्तोऽस्मि श्रूयतां गदतो मम ।
नृणामार्तिपरित्राणमन्यतो न नराधिपात् ॥२४॥
24. brāhmaṇa uvāca .
mahārāja bhṛśārtto'smi śrūyatāṃ gadato mama .
nṛṇāmārtiparitrāṇamanyato na narādhipāt.
mahārāja bhṛśārtto'smi śrūyatāṃ gadato mama .
nṛṇāmārtiparitrāṇamanyato na narādhipāt.
24.
brāhmaṇaḥ uvāca mahārāja bhṛśārttaḥ asmi śrūyatām
gadataḥ mama nṛṇām ārtiparitranam anyataḥ na narādhipāt
gadataḥ mama nṛṇām ārtiparitranam anyataḥ na narādhipāt
24.
The Brahmin said: 'O Great King, I am greatly distressed. Please listen to what I have to say. For the protection of men from suffering comes from no one else but the king.'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin
- उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke
- महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king
- भृशार्त्तः (bhṛśārttaḥ) - greatly distressed, very afflicted
- अस्मि (asmi) - I am
- श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - please listen (let it be heard)
- गदतः (gadataḥ) - of me speaking (of one who is speaking, from one speaking)
- मम (mama) - my, of me
- नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men, of people
- आर्तिपरित्रनम् (ārtiparitranam) - protection from distress/suffering
- अन्यतः (anyataḥ) - from another, from elsewhere
- न (na) - not, no
- नराधिपात् (narādhipāt) - from the king, from the ruler of men
Words meanings and morphology
ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class
Derived from brahman.
Note: Subject of uvāca.
उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac
Reduplicated Perfect (Lit)
Formed from root vac (Class 2) in the third person singular active voice.
Root: vac (class 2)
महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja
mahārāja - great king, emperor
Compound of mahā (great) and rājan (king).
Compound type : Karma-dhāraya (mahā+rājan)
- mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective - rājan – king, ruler
noun (masculine)
Note: Directly addressed to the king.
भृशार्त्तः (bhṛśārttaḥ) - greatly distressed, very afflicted
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhṛśārtta
bhṛśārtta - greatly distressed, very afflicted
Compound of bhṛśa (much, greatly) and ārtta (distressed).
Compound type : Karma-dhāraya (bhṛśa+ārtta)
- bhṛśa – much, greatly, excessively
indeclinable - ārtta – distressed, afflicted, suffering
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root ṛ (to go, move, acquire) + kta suffix; often seen as ppp of ṛt 'to suffer'.
Root: ṛ (class 1)
Note: Qualifies the implied subject "I" (the Brahmin).
अस्मि (asmi) - I am
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of as
Present Indicative (Laṭ)
First person singular active voice.
Root: as (class 2)
श्रूयताम् (śrūyatām) - please listen (let it be heard)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (Loṭ) of śru
Imperative (Loṭ) Passive
Third person singular passive imperative.
Root: śru (class 5)
Note: Used impersonally, "let [it] be heard".
गदतः (gadataḥ) - of me speaking (of one who is speaking, from one speaking)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of gadat
gadat - speaking, saying
Present Active Participle
From root gad (to speak) + śatṛ suffix.
Root: gad (class 1)
Note: Used with mama (my) to mean "from me speaking" or "while I speak."
मम (mama) - my, of me
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
First person pronoun.
Note: Refers to the Brahmin.
नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men, of people
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛ
nṛ - man, person, human being
ṛ-ending noun.
Note: Possessive, refers to the suffering of people.
आर्तिपरित्रनम् (ārtiparitranam) - protection from distress/suffering
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ārtiparitrāṇa
ārtiparitrāṇa - protection from distress, relief from suffering
Compound of ārti (distress) and paritrāṇa (protection).
Compound type : Tatpurusha (ārti+paritrāṇa)
- ārti – distress, pain, suffering
noun (feminine)
From root ṛ (to suffer, move).
Root: ṛ (class 1) - paritrāṇa – protection, rescue, deliverance
noun (neuter)
From pari-trā (to protect thoroughly).
Prefix: pari
Root: trā (class 2)
Note: Subject of implied "is".
अन्यतः (anyataḥ) - from another, from elsewhere
(indeclinable)
Adverb of place/origin, derived from anya (another).
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Negative particle.
Note: Negates the sentence.
नराधिपात् (narādhipāt) - from the king, from the ruler of men
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of narādhipa
narādhipa - king, ruler of men, lord of men
Compound of nara (man) and adhipa (ruler, lord).
Compound type : Tatpurusha (nara+adhipa)
- nara – man, human being
noun (masculine) - adhipa – ruler, lord, master
noun (masculine)
From adhi (over) + root pā (to protect/rule).
Prefix: adhi
Root: pā (class 1)
Note: Indicates the source of protection (or lack thereof from others).