मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-69, verse-40
गृह्यधर्मो यतो ब्रह्म प्राप्यते शाश्वतं नरैः ।
पूर्वोढया तु धर्मेण गृही कुर्वन्न सीदति ॥४०॥
पूर्वोढया तु धर्मेण गृही कुर्वन्न सीदति ॥४०॥
40. gṛhyadharmo yato brahma prāpyate śāśvataṃ naraiḥ .
pūrvoḍhayā tu dharmeṇa gṛhī kurvanna sīdati.
pūrvoḍhayā tu dharmeṇa gṛhī kurvanna sīdati.
40.
gṛhyadharmaḥ yataḥ brahma prāpyate śāśvatam naraiḥ
pūrvā ūḍhayā tu dharmeṇa gṛhī kurvan na sīdati
pūrvā ūḍhayā tu dharmeṇa gṛhī kurvan na sīdati
40.
Because through household duties (gṛhyadharma), eternal Brahman is attained by human beings. However, a householder who performs (his duties) with his previously married wife, in accordance with natural law (dharma), does not suffer.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- गृह्यधर्मः (gṛhyadharmaḥ) - household duty, domestic natural law
- यतः (yataḥ) - because (because, from which, since)
- ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman, the Absolute reality
- प्राप्यते (prāpyate) - is attained, is reached, is obtained
- शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal, perpetual, everlasting
- नरैः (naraiḥ) - by men, by human beings
- पूर्वा (pūrvā) - former, previous, first
- ऊढया (ūḍhayā) - by the married woman, by the wife
- तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand
- धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law, by duty, according to righteousness
- गृही (gṛhī) - householder
- कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing, performing, making
- न (na) - not, no
- सीदति (sīdati) - sinks, fails, suffers, becomes dejected
Words meanings and morphology
गृह्यधर्मः (gṛhyadharmaḥ) - household duty, domestic natural law
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛhyadharma
gṛhyadharma - household duty, domestic natural law (dharma), rules of domestic life
Compound of 'gṛhya' and 'dharma'.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gṛhya+dharma)
- gṛhya – domestic, relating to the house
adjective (masculine/neuter)
From 'gṛha' (house) + '-ya' suffix. - dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
यतः (yataḥ) - because (because, from which, since)
(indeclinable)
Ablative of 'yad'.
ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman, the Absolute reality
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman
brahman - the Absolute Reality, universal self, sacred word, Veda, prayer
Root: bṛh (class 1)
Note: Appears as the object of 'prāpyate'.
प्राप्यते (prāpyate) - is attained, is reached, is obtained
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of prāp
From prefix 'pra' + root 'āp' (to obtain). Passive voice form.
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
शाश्वतम् (śāśvatam) - eternal, perpetual, everlasting
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śāśvata
śāśvata - eternal, perpetual, everlasting, constant
Formed from 'śaśvat' (always) with suffix '-a'.
Note: Qualifies 'brahma'.
नरैः (naraiḥ) - by men, by human beings
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of nara
nara - man, human being, person
Root: nṛ
Note: Agent in a passive construction.
पूर्वा (pūrvā) - former, previous, first
(adjective)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of pūrva
pūrva - former, previous, prior, first
Note: Qualifies 'ūḍhayā'.
ऊढया (ūḍhayā) - by the married woman, by the wife
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of ūḍhā
ūḍhā - married woman, wife, one who is carried/conveyed
Past Passive Participle
From root 'vah' (to carry, to marry) with suffix '-ta' (feminine '-ā').
Root: vah (class 1)
Note: Refers to the wife by whom (or with whom) the actions are performed.
तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand
(indeclinable)
धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law, by duty, according to righteousness
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Indicates means or accordance.
गृही (gṛhī) - householder
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛhin
gṛhin - householder, one who maintains a household, a married man
From 'gṛha' (house) with suffix '-in'.
Note: Refers to the agent, the householder.
कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing, performing, making
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kurvat
kṛ - to do, to make, to perform
Present Active Participle
From root 'kṛ' (to do) with suffix '-at'.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Qualifies 'gṛhī', indicating an ongoing action.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
सीदति (sīdati) - sinks, fails, suffers, becomes dejected
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of sad
From root 'sad' (to sit, sink).
Root: sad (class 1)