मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-69, verse-5
समः शत्रौ च मित्रे च परे पुत्रे च धर्मवित् ।
दुष्टे च यमवत्साधौ सोमवच्च महामुने ॥५॥
दुष्टे च यमवत्साधौ सोमवच्च महामुने ॥५॥
5. samaḥ śatrau ca mitre ca pare putre ca dharmavit .
duṣṭe ca yamavatsādhau somavacca mahāmune.
duṣṭe ca yamavatsādhau somavacca mahāmune.
5.
samaḥ śatrau ca mitre ca pare putre ca dharma-vit
duṣṭe ca yamavat sādhau somavat ca mahāmune
duṣṭe ca yamavat sādhau somavat ca mahāmune
5.
O great sage, he was impartial to enemies and friends, to strangers and his own son, being well-versed in righteousness (dharma). He acted like Yama (the god of death) towards the wicked and like Soma (the moon-god, bringer of peace) towards the virtuous.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- समः (samaḥ) - impartial (equal, impartial, same)
- शत्रौ (śatrau) - to an enemy (in an enemy, to an enemy)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- मित्रे (mitre) - to a friend (in a friend, to a friend)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- परे (pare) - to a stranger (in a stranger, to another/outsider)
- पुत्रे (putre) - to a son (in a son, to a son)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- धर्म-वित् (dharma-vit) - well-versed in righteousness (dharma) (knower of righteousness, just, virtuous)
- दुष्टे (duṣṭe) - towards the wicked (in a wicked person, towards the wicked)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- यमवत् (yamavat) - like Yama (the god of death) (like Yama)
- साधौ (sādhau) - towards the virtuous (in a virtuous person, towards the virtuous)
- सोमवत् (somavat) - like Soma (the moon-god) (like Soma, like the moon)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage (addressing Mārkaṇḍeya) (O great sage)
Words meanings and morphology
समः (samaḥ) - impartial (equal, impartial, same)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sama
sama - equal, same, like, impartial
Note: Agrees with the implied subject (the king).
शत्रौ (śatrau) - to an enemy (in an enemy, to an enemy)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of śatru
śatru - enemy, foe
Note: Locative indicates 'in regard to' or 'towards'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
मित्रे (mitre) - to a friend (in a friend, to a friend)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of mitra
mitra - friend, companion
Note: Locative indicates 'in regard to' or 'towards'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
परे (pare) - to a stranger (in a stranger, to another/outsider)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of para
para - other, another, stranger, distant
Note: Locative indicates 'in regard to' or 'towards'.
पुत्रे (putre) - to a son (in a son, to a son)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of putra
putra - son, child
Note: Locative indicates 'in regard to' or 'towards'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
धर्म-वित् (dharma-vit) - well-versed in righteousness (dharma) (knower of righteousness, just, virtuous)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma-vid
dharma-vid - knower of dharma; righteous, just
Compound: dharma (righteousness) + vid (knower, from √vid)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+vid)
- dharma – righteousness, virtue, duty, natural law
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1) - vid – knowing, understanding; knower
adjective (masculine)
Agent Noun
From √vid 'to know'
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: Agrees with the implied subject (the king).
दुष्टे (duṣṭe) - towards the wicked (in a wicked person, towards the wicked)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of duṣṭa
duṣṭa - wicked, evil, corrupt
Past Passive Participle
From √duṣ 'to be bad'
Root: duṣ (class 4)
Note: Locative indicates 'in regard to' or 'towards'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
यमवत् (yamavat) - like Yama (the god of death) (like Yama)
(indeclinable)
From Yama + -vat (suffix meaning 'like')
साधौ (sādhau) - towards the virtuous (in a virtuous person, towards the virtuous)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of sādhu
sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, holy man
Note: Locative indicates 'in regard to' or 'towards'.
सोमवत् (somavat) - like Soma (the moon-god) (like Soma, like the moon)
(indeclinable)
From Soma + -vat (suffix meaning 'like')
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage (addressing Mārkaṇḍeya) (O great sage)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of mahā-muni
mahā-muni - great sage, great ascetic
Karmadhāraya compound: 'great (mahā) sage (muni)'
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+muni)
- mahā – great, large
adjective (masculine) - muni – sage, ascetic, seer
noun (masculine)