महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-2, verse-71

इज्याध्ययनदानानि तपः सत्यं क्षमा दमः ।
अलोभ इति मार्गोऽयं धर्मस्याष्टविधः स्मृतः ॥७१॥

71. ijyādhyayanadānāni tapaḥ satyaṁ kṣamā damaḥ ,
alobha iti mārgo'yaṁ dharmasyāṣṭavidhaḥ smṛtaḥ.

71. ijya adhyayana dānāni tapaḥ satyam kṣamā damaḥ
alobhaḥ iti mārgaḥ ayam dharmasya aṣṭavidhaḥ smṛtaḥ

71. Sacrifice (yajña), study, generosity (dāna), austerity (tapas), truthfulness, forgiveness, self-control, and non-greed – this is declared to be the eight-fold path of righteousness (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• इज्य (ijya) - sacrifice, worship

• अध्ययन (adhyayana) - study, learning

• दानानि (dānāni) - acts of giving, charities, generosity

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual discipline

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, truthfulness, reality

• क्षमा (kṣamā) - forgiveness, patience, endurance

• दमः (damaḥ) - self-control, restraint

• अलोभः (alobhaḥ) - non-greed, absence of covetousness

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying, indicating direct speech

• मार्गः (mārgaḥ) - path, way, road

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of dharma, of duty, of righteousness

• अष्टविधः (aṣṭavidhaḥ) - eight-fold, of eight kinds

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, declared, taught

Words meanings and morphology

इज्य (ijya) - sacrifice, worship

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ijya

ijya - sacrifice, worship, ritual offering

Gerundive

Derived from root 'yaj' (to sacrifice) with suffix '-ya'

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Part of a Dvandva compound 'ijyādhyayanadānāni'.

अध्ययन (adhyayana) - study, learning

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adhyayana

adhyayana - study, learning, reading, especially of the Vedas

Derived from root 'ī' (to go) with prefix 'adhi' and suffix '-ana'

Prefix: adhi

Root: ī (class 2)

Note: Part of a Dvandva compound 'ijyādhyayanadānāni'.

दानानि (dānāni) - acts of giving, charities, generosity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of dāna

dāna - gift, giving, generosity, charity

Derived from root 'dā' (to give) with suffix '-ana'

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: The compound 'ijyādhyayanadānāni' is a Dvandva compound, where the final word 'dānāni' takes the plural form to indicate all items in the list.

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual discipline

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, truthfulness, reality

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, sincerity

Derived from 'sat' (being, existence)

क्षमा (kṣamā) - forgiveness, patience, endurance

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣamā

kṣamā - forgiveness, patience, endurance, earth

Root: kṣam (class 1)

दमः (damaḥ) - self-control, restraint

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, restraint, subduing

Derived from root 'dam' (to tame, control)

Root: dam (class 4)

अलोभः (alobhaḥ) - non-greed, absence of covetousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alobha

alobha - non-greed, absence of covetousness

Negative compound (Nañ-tatpuruṣa) of 'lobha'

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+lobha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• lobha – greed, covetousness, avarice
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'lubh' (to covet)
  Root: lubh (class 4)

इति (iti) - thus, so saying, indicating direct speech

(indeclinable)

मार्गः (mārgaḥ) - path, way, road

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, way, road, method

Derived from root 'mṛg' (to seek, hunt)

Root: mṛg (class 2)

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Declined to match 'mārgaḥ'.

धर्मस्य (dharmasya) - of dharma, of duty, of righteousness

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - law, duty, righteousness, constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अष्टविधः (aṣṭavidhaḥ) - eight-fold, of eight kinds

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṣṭavidha

aṣṭavidha - eight-fold, of eight kinds

Compound type : tatpurusha (aṣṭan+vidha)

• aṣṭan – eight
  numeral
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes 'mārgaḥ'.

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - remembered, declared, taught

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, known, declared, prescribed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'smṛ' (to remember) with suffix '-ta'

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.