महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-2, verse-56

नात्मार्थं पाचयेदन्नं न वृथा घातयेत्पशून् ।
न च तत्स्वयमश्नीयाद्विधिवद्यन्न निर्वपेत् ॥५६॥

56. nātmārthaṁ pācayedannaṁ na vṛthā ghātayetpaśūn ,
na ca tatsvayamaśnīyādvidhivadyanna nirvapet.

56. na ātma artham pācayeta annam na vṛthā ghātayet paśūn
na ca tat svayam aśnīyāt vidhivat yat na nirvapet

56. One should not cook food solely for oneself (ātman), nor should one unnecessarily kill animals. Furthermore, one should not eat that which has not been ritually offered.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• आत्म अर्थम् (ātma artham) - solely for oneself (for one's own sake, for the sake of the self)

• पाचयेत (pācayeta) - should cook (cause to cook)

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

• न (na) - not, no

• वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly, unnecessarily

• घातयेत् (ghātayet) - should kill, should cause to kill

• पशून् (paśūn) - animals, cattle

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• तत् (tat) - that (food) (that, it)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself

• अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule, properly, ritually

• यत् (yat) - that (food) which (which, that which)

• न (na) - not, no

• निर्वपेत् (nirvapet) - should offer, should sprinkle

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आत्म अर्थम् (ātma artham) - solely for oneself (for one's own sake, for the sake of the self)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ātma-artha

ātma-artha - for one's own sake, for the sake of the self (ātman), for one's own purpose

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+artha)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'for one's own purpose'.

पाचयेत (pācayeta) - should cook (cause to cook)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of pāc

causative

Causative form of root pac.

Root: pac (class 1)

अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, grain, cooked rice

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

वृथा (vṛthā) - in vain, uselessly, unnecessarily

(indeclinable)

घातयेत् (ghātayet) - should kill, should cause to kill

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of ghāt

causative

Causative form of the root han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

पशून् (paśūn) - animals, cattle

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of paśu

paśu - animal, beast, cattle

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (food) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself

(indeclinable)

अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of aś

Root: aś (class 9)

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule, properly, ritually

(indeclinable)

From vidhi (rule, ritual) with suffix -vat (like, according to).

यत् (yat) - that (food) which (which, that which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

निर्वपेत् (nirvapet) - should offer, should sprinkle

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of nirvap

Root vap with prefix nir.

Prefix: nir

Root: vap (class 1)