महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-2, verse-62

ह्रियते बुध्यमानोऽपि नरो हारिभिरिन्द्रियैः ।
विमूढसंज्ञो दुष्टाश्वैरुद्भ्रान्तैरिव सारथिः ॥६२॥

62. hriyate budhyamāno'pi naro hāribhirindriyaiḥ ,
vimūḍhasaṁjño duṣṭāśvairudbhrāntairiva sārathiḥ.

62. hriyate budhyamānaḥ api naraḥ hāribhiḥ indriyaiḥ
vimūḍhasaṃjñaḥ duṣṭāśvaiḥ udbhrāntaiḥ iva sārathiḥ

62. Even a knowing man is carried away by alluring senses, just as a charioteer, whose awareness is bewildered, is swept away by wild, unruly horses.

62. אדם נסחף על ידי החושים הקסומים, אף על פי שהוא מבין, כמו מוביל כרכרה מבולבל שנגרר על ידי סוסים רעים ופרועים.

Words meanings summery:

• ह्रियते (hriyate) - is carried away (is carried away, is seized, is abducted)

• बुध्यमानः (budhyamānaḥ) - knowing, understanding (knowing, understanding, perceiving)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• नरः (naraḥ) - a man (man, human being)

• हारिभिः (hāribhiḥ) - by captivating, by alluring (by those that seize, captivate, charm)

• इन्द्रियैः (indriyaiḥ) - by the senses (by the senses, by the sense organs)

• विमूढसंज्ञः (vimūḍhasaṁjñaḥ) - whose awareness is bewildered (whose consciousness is bewildered, deluded in perception, confused in understanding)

• दुष्टाश्वैः (duṣṭāśvaiḥ) - by unruly horses (by vicious horses, by unruly horses)

• उद्भ्रान्तैः (udbhrāntaiḥ) - by wild (by those that are run wild, excited, agitated)

• इव (iva) - like, just as (like, as, as if)

• सारथिः (sārathiḥ) - a charioteer (charioteer, driver)

Words meanings and morphology

ह्रियते (hriyate) - is carried away (is carried away, is seized, is abducted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of hṛ

Present tense, passive voice, 3rd person singular

From root hṛ (class 1, harati), passive voice (hriyate)

Root: hṛ (class 1)

बुध्यमानः (budhyamānaḥ) - knowing, understanding (knowing, understanding, perceiving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of budhyamāna

budhyamāna - knowing, understanding, perceiving

Present passive participle

From root budh (class 4, budhyate), present passive participle (śānac ending for atmanepada roots)

Root: budh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies naraḥ

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

नरः (naraḥ) - a man (man, human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being

Note: Subject of hriyate

हारिभिः (hāribhiḥ) - by captivating, by alluring (by those that seize, captivate, charm)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of hārin

hārin - seizing, charming, attractive, captivating

Agent noun/adjective (ṇin)

Derived from root hṛ (to seize, captivate) with ṇin suffix

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Concord with indriyaiḥ

इन्द्रियैः (indriyaiḥ) - by the senses (by the senses, by the sense organs)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of indriya

indriya - sense, sense organ, faculty

Derived from indra

Note: Agent of hriyate in the passive construction

विमूढसंज्ञः (vimūḍhasaṁjñaḥ) - whose awareness is bewildered (whose consciousness is bewildered, deluded in perception, confused in understanding)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vimūḍhasaṃjña

vimūḍhasaṁjña - having confused perception/consciousness, deluded in understanding

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vimūḍha+saṃjñā)

• vimūḍha – bewildered, deluded, confused
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From vi-muh (to be bewildered, confused)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: muh (class 4)
• saṃjñā – consciousness, perception, understanding, name
  noun (feminine)

Note: Qualifies sārathiḥ

दुष्टाश्वैः (duṣṭāśvaiḥ) - by unruly horses (by vicious horses, by unruly horses)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of duṣṭāśva

duṣṭāśva - vicious horse, unruly horse

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (duṣṭa+aśva)

• duṣṭa – vicious, bad, corrupted, spoiled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root duṣ (to be bad, corrupted)
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Parallel to indriyaiḥ

उद्भ्रान्तैः (udbhrāntaiḥ) - by wild (by those that are run wild, excited, agitated)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of udbhrānta

udbhrānta - agitated, bewildered, run wild, excited

Past Passive Participle

From root bhram (to wander) with ud prefix

Prefix: ud

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Concord with duṣṭāśvaiḥ

इव (iva) - like, just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

सारथिः (sārathiḥ) - a charioteer (charioteer, driver)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver, companion

Note: Subject of the implied verb "is carried away" in the simile

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