महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-2, verse-35

या दुस्त्यजा दुर्मतिभिर्या न जीर्यति जीर्यतः ।
योऽसौ प्राणान्तिको रोगस्तां तृष्णां त्यजतः सुखम् ॥३५॥

35. yā dustyajā durmatibhiryā na jīryati jīryataḥ ,
yo'sau prāṇāntiko rogastāṁ tṛṣṇāṁ tyajataḥ sukham.

35. yā dustyajā durmatibhiḥ yā na jīryati jīryataḥ yaḥ
asau prāṇāntikaḥ rogaḥ tām tṛṣṇām tyajataḥ sukham

35. Craving (tṛṣṇā) is that which is difficult for the foolish to relinquish, and which does not decay even when a person is aging. That craving is a fatal disease (roga); for one who abandons it, there is true happiness.

Words meanings summery:

• या (yā) - (feminine nominative singular, referring to `tṛṣṇā`) (which, who)

• दुस्त्यजा (dustyajā) - difficult to abandon, hard to give up

• दुर्मतिभिः (durmatibhiḥ) - by foolish people, by those with evil minds

• या (yā) - (feminine nominative singular, referring to `tṛṣṇā`) (which, who)

• न (na) - not, no

• जीर्यति (jīryati) - grows old, decays, wastes away

• जीर्यतः (jīryataḥ) - of one who is growing old, of an aging person

• यः (yaḥ) - (masculine nominative singular, referring to `rogaḥ`) (which, who)

• असौ (asau) - that, yonder

• प्राणान्तिकः (prāṇāntikaḥ) - fatal, deadly, ending in life

• रोगः (rogaḥ) - disease, illness

• ताम् (tām) - (feminine accusative singular, referring to `tṛṣṇā`) (that (feminine))

• तृष्णाम् (tṛṣṇām) - craving, thirst, desire

• त्यजतः (tyajataḥ) - of one who abandons, for one who abandons

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, comfort

Words meanings and morphology

या (yā) - (feminine nominative singular, referring to `tṛṣṇā`) (which, who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

दुस्त्यजा (dustyajā) - difficult to abandon, hard to give up

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dustyaja

dustyaja - difficult to abandon, hard to give up

gerundive

from dus (bad, difficult) + root tyaj (to abandon) + suffix ya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+tyaja)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  prefix
• tyaja – to be abandoned
  adjective (masculine)
  gerundive
  from root tyaj (to abandon) + suffix ya
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Refers to `tṛṣṇā`.

दुर्मतिभिः (durmatibhiḥ) - by foolish people, by those with evil minds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of durmati

durmati - foolish, dull-witted, evil-minded; folly, evil mind

from dus (bad) + mati (mind)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dus+mati)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  prefix
• mati – mind, intelligence, thought
  noun (feminine)
  from root man (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)

या (yā) - (feminine nominative singular, referring to `tṛṣṇā`) (which, who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

जीर्यति (jīryati) - grows old, decays, wastes away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of jīryati

Root: jṝ (class 9)

जीर्यतः (jīryataḥ) - of one who is growing old, of an aging person

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jīryat

jīryat - growing old, decaying (present participle)

Present Active Participle

from root jṝ (to grow old)

Root: jṝ (class 9)

यः (yaḥ) - (masculine nominative singular, referring to `rogaḥ`) (which, who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

असौ (asau) - that, yonder

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, yonder

प्राणान्तिकः (prāṇāntikaḥ) - fatal, deadly, ending in life

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṇāntika

prāṇāntika - fatal, deadly, ending in life

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+antika)

• prāṇa – breath, life-force
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)
• antika – near, ending, close
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: anta

Note: Refers to `rogaḥ`.

रोगः (rogaḥ) - disease, illness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of roga

roga - disease, illness

from root ruj (to break, to be sick)

Root: ruj (class 6)

ताम् (tām) - (feminine accusative singular, referring to `tṛṣṇā`) (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

तृष्णाम् (tṛṣṇām) - craving, thirst, desire

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tṛṣṇā

tṛṣṇā - thirst, craving, desire, longing

from root tṛṣ (to thirst)

Root: tṛṣ (class 4)

त्यजतः (tyajataḥ) - of one who abandons, for one who abandons

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tyajat

tyajat - abandoning, renouncing (present participle)

Present Active Participle

from root tyaj (to abandon)

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: This genitive singular can imply 'for' (dative sense) or 'of' (possessive). Here, it's 'for the one who abandons'.

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, comfort

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, comfort, pleasure

Note: Often used adverbially as 'happily', but here 'happiness' is the subject of the implied sentence.