महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-2, verse-25

मानसं शमयेत्तस्माज्ज्ञानेनाग्निमिवाम्बुना ।
प्रशान्ते मानसे दुःखे शारीरमुपशाम्यति ॥२५॥

25. mānasaṁ śamayettasmājjñānenāgnimivāmbunā ,
praśānte mānase duḥkhe śārīramupaśāmyati.

25. mānasam śamayet tasmāt jñānena agnim iva ambunā
praśānte mānase duḥkhe śārīram upaśāmyati

25. Therefore, one should calm the mind (mānasa) with knowledge (jñāna), just as fire is extinguished by water. When mental (mānasa) suffering is completely calmed, the bodily (śārīra) suffering also subsides.

Words meanings summery:

• मानसम् (mānasam) - the mind, mental (suffering/distress)

• शमयेत् (śamayet) - one should calm, he should quiet

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, hence

• ज्ञानेन (jñānena) - by knowledge (jñāna), by wisdom

• अग्निम् (agnim) - fire

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अम्बुना (ambunā) - by water

• प्रशान्ते (praśānte) - when calmed, when tranquilized, when completely pacified

• मानसे (mānase) - in the mental, in the mind

• दुःखे (duḥkhe) - in suffering, in distress, in pain

• शारीरम् (śārīram) - the bodily, physical (suffering/illness)

• उपशाम्यति (upaśāmyati) - subsides, calms down, is extinguished

Words meanings and morphology

मानसम् (mānasam) - the mind, mental (suffering/distress)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mānasa

mānasa - mental, belonging to the mind, spiritual; the mind, intellect

Derived from 'manas' (mind)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Here functioning as a noun, referring to 'the mental (suffering/mind)'.

शमयेत् (śamayet) - one should calm, he should quiet

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of śam

Causative verb form

Causative of 'śam' (to be calm)

Root: śam (class 4)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, hence

(indeclinable)

ज्ञानेन (jñānena) - by knowledge (jñāna), by wisdom

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, understanding, insight

Derived from the root 'jñā' (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

अग्निम् (agnim) - fire

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अम्बुना (ambunā) - by water

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ambu

ambu - water

प्रशान्ते (praśānte) - when calmed, when tranquilized, when completely pacified

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of praśānta

praśānta - calmed, tranquil, quiet, peaceful, extinguished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'śam' (to be calm) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, 'when (it is) calmed'.

मानसे (mānase) - in the mental, in the mind

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of mānasa

mānasa - mental, belonging to the mind, spiritual; the mind, intellect

Derived from 'manas' (mind)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'duḥkhe'.

दुःखे (duḥkhe) - in suffering, in distress, in pain

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery, distress

शारीरम् (śārīram) - the bodily, physical (suffering/illness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śārīra

śārīra - bodily, physical, corporeal; physical suffering/disease

Derived from 'śarīra' (body)

Note: Here functioning as a noun, referring to 'the bodily (suffering)'.

उपशाम्यति (upaśāmyati) - subsides, calms down, is extinguished

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of śam

Prefix: upa

Root: śam (class 4)