महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-2, verse-48

युधिष्ठिरैवमर्थेषु न स्पृहां कर्तुमर्हसि ।
धर्मेण यदि ते कार्यं विमुक्तेच्छो भवार्थतः ॥४८॥

48. yudhiṣṭhiraivamartheṣu na spṛhāṁ kartumarhasi ,
dharmeṇa yadi te kāryaṁ vimukteccho bhavārthataḥ.

48. yudhiṣṭhira evam artheṣu na spṛhām kartum arhasi
dharmeṇa yadi te kāryam vimukta-icchaḥ bhava arthataḥ

48. O Yudhiṣṭhira, you should not entertain such desires for worldly possessions. If your purpose (kārya) is to uphold natural law (dharma), then truly be free from desires concerning material things.

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• अर्थेषु (artheṣu) - in matters of wealth, regarding objects, in purposes

• न (na) - not, no

• स्पृहाम् (spṛhām) - longing, desire, coveting

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to perform

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you should, you are able

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law (dharma), by righteousness, by duty

• यदि (yadi) - if, whether

• ते (te) - to you, your

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - work, duty, purpose, what is to be done

• विमुक्त-इच्छः (vimukta-icchaḥ) - one whose desires are liberated, free from desires

• भव (bhava) - be, become

• अर्थतः (arthataḥ) - truly, really, concerning wealth/material things

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

अर्थेषु (artheṣu) - in matters of wealth, regarding objects, in purposes

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, object, thing

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

स्पृहाम् (spṛhām) - longing, desire, coveting

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of spṛhā

spṛhā - longing, desire, coveting, emulation

Root: spṛh (class 10)

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to perform

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

infinitive of kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you should, you are able

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present active

2nd person singular, Parasmaipada

Root: arh (class 1)

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by natural law (dharma), by righteousness, by duty

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue, justice

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

यदि (yadi) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - to you, your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun)

कार्यम् (kāryam) - work, duty, purpose, what is to be done

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, fit to be done, duty, work, business, purpose

Gerundive

passive future participle of kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

विमुक्त-इच्छः (vimukta-icchaḥ) - one whose desires are liberated, free from desires

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vimukteccha

vimukteccha - one whose desires are liberated, free from wishes

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vimukta+icchā)

• vimukta – liberated, released, free
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from muc with vi prefix
  Prefix: vi
  Root: muc (class 6)
• icchā – desire, wish, longing
  noun (feminine)
  Root: iṣ (class 6)

भव (bhava) - be, become

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Imperative active

2nd person singular, Parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)

अर्थतः (arthataḥ) - truly, really, concerning wealth/material things

(indeclinable)

suffixed with -tas from artha (meaning, wealth)