महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-2, verse-45

तस्मात्संतोषमेवेह धनं पश्यन्ति पण्डिताः ।
अनित्यं यौवनं रूपं जीवितं द्रव्यसंचयः ।
ऐश्वर्यं प्रियसंवासो गृध्येदेषु न पण्डितः ॥४५॥

45. tasmātsaṁtoṣameveha dhanaṁ paśyanti paṇḍitāḥ ,
anityaṁ yauvanaṁ rūpaṁ jīvitaṁ dravyasaṁcayaḥ ,
aiśvaryaṁ priyasaṁvāso gṛdhyedeṣu na paṇḍitaḥ.

45. tasmāt saṃtoṣam eva iha dhanam paśyanti
paṇḍitāḥ anityam yauvanam rūpam
jīvitam dravyasaṃcayaḥ aiśvaryam
priyasaṃvāsaḥ gṛdhyet eṣu na paṇḍitaḥ

45. Therefore, the wise (paṇḍita) consider contentment alone as wealth in this world. Youth, beauty, life, the accumulation of wealth, prosperity, and companionship with dear ones are all impermanent. A wise person should not long for these.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, for that reason, from that)

• संतोषम् (saṁtoṣam) - contentment (contentment, satisfaction)

• एव (eva) - alone, indeed (indeed, only, just, certainly)

• इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world, now)

• धनम् (dhanam) - wealth (wealth, riches, property)

• पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they consider (they see, they perceive, they consider)

• पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - the wise (paṇḍita) (the wise, learned ones, scholars)

• अनित्यम् (anityam) - impermanent (impermanent, transient, unstable)

• यौवनम् (yauvanam) - youth (youth, youthfulness)

• रूपम् (rūpam) - beauty (beauty, form, appearance)

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life (life, existence)

• द्रव्यसंचयः (dravyasaṁcayaḥ) - accumulation of wealth (accumulation of wealth, collection of goods)

• ऐश्वर्यम् (aiśvaryam) - prosperity (dominion, sovereignty, prosperity, power)

• प्रियसंवासः (priyasaṁvāsaḥ) - companionship with dear ones (companionship with dear ones, living with beloved ones)

• गृध्येत् (gṛdhyet) - one should long for (one should be greedy for, one should long for, one should desire)

• एषु (eṣu) - in these (things mentioned) (in these, among these)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - a wise person (paṇḍita) (a wise person, a scholar)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, for that reason, from that)

(indeclinable)

संतोषम् (saṁtoṣam) - contentment (contentment, satisfaction)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃtoṣa

saṁtoṣa - contentment, satisfaction, gratification

Derived from the root √tuṣ (to be pleased) with prefix sam-, and suffix -a.

Prefix: sam

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

Note: Object of `paśyanti`.

एव (eva) - alone, indeed (indeed, only, just, certainly)

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world, now)

(indeclinable)

धनम् (dhanam) - wealth (wealth, riches, property)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, property, money

Note: Predicate accusative of `paśyanti`.

पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they consider (they see, they perceive, they consider)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present active 3rd plural

Present stem of the root √dṛś (class 1) is `paśya-`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पण्डिताः (paṇḍitāḥ) - the wise (paṇḍita) (the wise, learned ones, scholars)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - learned, wise, skilled; a scholar, a wise person

Derived from 'paṇḍā' (wisdom) with the suffix -ita, used as a noun.

Note: Subject of `paśyanti`.

अनित्यम् (anityam) - impermanent (impermanent, transient, unstable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anitya

anitya - impermanent, transient, unstable, perishable

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (not) and 'nitya' (eternal, constant).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+nitya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• nitya – eternal, constant, permanent, everlasting
  adjective (neuter)

यौवनम् (yauvanam) - youth (youth, youthfulness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yauvana

yauvana - youth, youthfulness, adolescence

Derived from 'yuvan' (young) with the suffix -ana.

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

रूपम् (rūpam) - beauty (beauty, form, appearance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life (life, existence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, existence, livelihood

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √jīv (to live), used as a noun.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

द्रव्यसंचयः (dravyasaṁcayaḥ) - accumulation of wealth (accumulation of wealth, collection of goods)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dravyasaṃcaya

dravyasaṁcaya - accumulation of wealth, collection of goods or substances

Compound type : tatpurusha (dravya+saṃcaya)

• dravya – substance, material, wealth, money
  noun (neuter)
• saṃcaya – accumulation, collection, heap, store
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root √ci (to collect) with prefix sam-, and suffix -a.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

ऐश्वर्यम् (aiśvaryam) - prosperity (dominion, sovereignty, prosperity, power)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aiśvarya

aiśvarya - sovereignty, dominion, power, prosperity, superhuman faculty

Derived from 'īśvara' (lord) with the suffix -ya.

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

प्रियसंवासः (priyasaṁvāsaḥ) - companionship with dear ones (companionship with dear ones, living with beloved ones)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priyasaṃvāsa

priyasaṁvāsa - companionship with dear ones, living with beloved people

Compound type : tatpurusha (priya+saṃvāsa)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant
  adjective (masculine)
• saṃvāsa – living together, companionship, dwelling
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root √vas (to dwell) with prefix sam-, and suffix -a.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

गृध्येत् (gṛdhyet) - one should long for (one should be greedy for, one should long for, one should desire)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of gṛdh

Optative active 3rd singular

Optative form of the root √gṛdh (class 4).

Root: gṛdh (class 4)

एषु (eṣu) - in these (things mentioned) (in these, among these)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of etas

etas - this, these

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

पण्डितः (paṇḍitaḥ) - a wise person (paṇḍita) (a wise person, a scholar)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paṇḍita

paṇḍita - learned, wise, skilled; a scholar, a wise person

Derived from 'paṇḍā' (wisdom) with the suffix -ita, used as a noun.

Note: Subject of `gṛdhyet`.