महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-2, verse-52

तृणानि भूमिरुदकं वाक्चतुर्थी च सूनृता ।
सतामेतानि गेहेषु नोच्छिद्यन्ते कदाचन ॥५२॥

52. tṛṇāni bhūmirudakaṁ vākcaturthī ca sūnṛtā ,
satāmetāni geheṣu nocchidyante kadācana.

52. tṛṇāni bhūmiḥ udakam vāk caturthī ca sūnṛtā
satām etāni geheṣu na ucchidyante kadācana

52. Grass, ground, water, and fourthly, pleasant and truthful speech, these are never exhausted in the homes of the virtuous.

Words meanings summery:

• तृणानि (tṛṇāni) - grass, blades of grass

• भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth, ground, land

• उदकम् (udakam) - water

• वाक् (vāk) - speech, word, voice

• चतुर्थी (caturthī) - fourth

• च (ca) - and, also

• सूनृता (sūnṛtā) - pleasant and truthful (speech)

• सताम् (satām) - of good people, of the virtuous

• एतानि (etāni) - these

• गेहेषु (geheṣu) - in the houses, in the homes

• न (na) - not, no

• उच्छिद्यन्ते (ucchidyante) - are cut off, are exhausted, cease to exist

• कदाचन (kadācana) - never (when combined with 'na') (ever, at any time)

Words meanings and morphology

तृणानि (tṛṇāni) - grass, blades of grass

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tṛṇa

tṛṇa - grass, straw

Note: Can also be accusative plural.

भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth, ground, land

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

उदकम् (udakam) - water

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udaka

udaka - water

Note: Can also be accusative singular.

वाक् (vāk) - speech, word, voice

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice

चतुर्थी (caturthī) - fourth

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of caturthī

caturthī - fourth

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सूनृता (sūnṛtā) - pleasant and truthful (speech)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sūnṛta

sūnṛta - pleasant and truthful, amiable

सताम् (satām) - of good people, of the virtuous

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - existing, real, good, virtuous

Present Active Participle

Derived from √as (2nd class) with śatṛ suffix.

Root: as (class 2)

एतानि (etāni) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Can also be accusative plural.

गेहेषु (geheṣu) - in the houses, in the homes

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of geha

geha - house, home, dwelling

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

उच्छिद्यन्ते (ucchidyante) - are cut off, are exhausted, cease to exist

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of √chid

Prefix: ud

Root: chid (class 7)

कदाचन (kadācana) - never (when combined with 'na') (ever, at any time)

(indeclinable)