महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-2, verse-42

अर्थस्योपार्जने दुःखं पालने च क्षये तथा ।
नाशे दुःखं व्यये दुःखं घ्नन्ति चैवार्थकारणात् ॥४२॥

42. arthasyopārjane duḥkhaṁ pālane ca kṣaye tathā ,
nāśe duḥkhaṁ vyaye duḥkhaṁ ghnanti caivārthakāraṇāt.

42. arthasya upārjane duḥkham pālane ca kṣaye tathā nāśe
duḥkham vyaye duḥkham ghnanti ca eva arthakāraṇāt

42. There is suffering in the acquisition of wealth, and similarly in its protection and decline. There is suffering in its destruction and in its expenditure. Indeed, people even kill on account of wealth.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्थस्य (arthasya) - of wealth (of wealth, of purpose, of meaning)

• उपार्जने (upārjane) - in acquiring (wealth) (in acquiring, in earning, in obtaining)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (suffering, misery, sorrow, pain)

• पालने (pālane) - in protecting (wealth) (in protecting, in maintaining, in guarding)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• क्षये (kṣaye) - in its decline (of wealth) (in loss, in destruction, in decline)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (similarly, thus, so, likewise)

• नाशे (nāśe) - in its destruction (of wealth) (in destruction, in ruin, in loss)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (suffering, misery, sorrow, pain)

• व्यये (vyaye) - in its expenditure (of wealth) (in expenditure, in spending, in loss)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (suffering, misery, sorrow, pain)

• घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - they kill (each other) (they kill, they strike, they destroy)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, certainly)

• अर्थकारणात् (arthakāraṇāt) - on account of wealth (due to the cause of wealth, on account of wealth)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्थस्य (arthasya) - of wealth (of wealth, of purpose, of meaning)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of artha

artha - wealth, purpose, object, meaning

उपार्जने (upārjane) - in acquiring (wealth) (in acquiring, in earning, in obtaining)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of upārjana

upārjana - acquisition, earning, obtaining

Derived from the root √ṛj (to gain, acquire) with prefixes upa- and ā-, and the suffix -ana.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: ṛj (class 1)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (suffering, misery, sorrow, pain)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery, unhappiness

Note: Used predicatively, implying 'there is suffering'.

पालने (pālane) - in protecting (wealth) (in protecting, in maintaining, in guarding)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pālana

pālana - protection, preservation, maintenance, guarding

Derived from the root √pāl (to protect) with the suffix -ana.

Root: pāl (class 10)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

क्षये (kṣaye) - in its decline (of wealth) (in loss, in destruction, in decline)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, loss, decline, decay, end

Derived from the root √kṣi (to destroy, perish) with the suffix -a.

Root: kṣi (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - similarly (similarly, thus, so, likewise)

(indeclinable)

नाशे (nāśe) - in its destruction (of wealth) (in destruction, in ruin, in loss)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nāśa

nāśa - destruction, ruin, loss, disappearance

Derived from the root √naś (to perish, disappear) with the suffix -a.

Root: naś (class 4)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (suffering, misery, sorrow, pain)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery, unhappiness

Note: Used predicatively, implying 'there is suffering'.

व्यये (vyaye) - in its expenditure (of wealth) (in expenditure, in spending, in loss)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vyaya

vyaya - expenditure, expense, loss, consumption

Derived from the root √i (to go) with prefixes vi- and ā-, and the suffix -a.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: i (class 2)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (suffering, misery, sorrow, pain)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery, unhappiness

Note: Used predicatively, implying 'there is suffering'.

घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - they kill (each other) (they kill, they strike, they destroy)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of han

Present active 3rd plural

Root class 2 (adādi), present stem is reduplicated `ghan-` (irregular).

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, certainly)

(indeclinable)

अर्थकारणात् (arthakāraṇāt) - on account of wealth (due to the cause of wealth, on account of wealth)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of arthakāraṇa

arthakāraṇa - cause of wealth, reason for wealth

Compound type : tatpurusha (artha+kāraṇa)

• artha – wealth, purpose, meaning
  noun (masculine)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from the root √kṛ (to do, make) with the suffix -ana.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)