महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-2, verse-50

कथं ह्यस्मद्विधो ब्रह्मन्वर्तमानो गृहाश्रमे ।
भरणं पालनं चापि न कुर्यादनुयायिनाम् ॥५०॥

50. kathaṁ hyasmadvidho brahmanvartamāno gṛhāśrame ,
bharaṇaṁ pālanaṁ cāpi na kuryādanuyāyinām.

50. katham hi asmadvidhaḥ brahman vartamānaḥ gṛhāśrame
bharaṇam pālanam ca api na kuryāt anuyāyinām

50. O Brahmin, how indeed can one like me, living in the householder stage (gṛhāśrama), not provide maintenance and protection for his dependents?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what way, why

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• अस्मद्विधः (asmadvidhaḥ) - one like me, similar to us

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

• वर्तमानः (vartamānaḥ) - living, abiding, existing

• गृहाश्रमे (gṛhāśrame) - in the householder stage (gṛhāśrama)

• भरणम् (bharaṇam) - maintenance, support, bearing

• पालनम् (pālanam) - protection, rearing, guarding

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• न (na) - not, no

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do, should make, should perform

• अनुयायिनाम् (anuyāyinām) - of dependents, of followers

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how, in what way, why

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

अस्मद्विधः (asmadvidhaḥ) - one like me, similar to us

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asmadvidha

asmadvidha - one like me, similar to us

Compound type : tatpurusha (asmad+vidha)

• asmad – I, we
  pronoun
• vidha – kind, sort, like, resembling
  adjective (masculine)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin, one who knows (brahman)

वर्तमानः (vartamānaḥ) - living, abiding, existing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - existing, being, present

Present Active Participle

Derived from √vṛt (1st class) with Śānac suffix

Root: vṛt (class 1)

गृहाश्रमे (gṛhāśrame) - in the householder stage (gṛhāśrama)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gṛhāśrama

gṛhāśrama - householder stage of life

Compound type : tatpurusha (gṛha+āśrama)

• gṛha – house, home
  noun (neuter)
• āśrama – hermitage, stage of life, abode
  noun (masculine)

भरणम् (bharaṇam) - maintenance, support, bearing

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bharaṇa

bharaṇa - maintenance, support, bearing

पालनम् (pālanam) - protection, rearing, guarding

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pālana

pālana - protection, rearing, guarding

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do, should make, should perform

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अनुयायिनाम् (anuyāyinām) - of dependents, of followers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of anuyāyin

anuyāyin - follower, dependent, attendant