महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-2, verse-21

व्याधेरनिष्टसंस्पर्शाच्छ्रमादिष्टविवर्जनात् ।
दुःखं चतुर्भिः शारीरं कारणैः संप्रवर्तते ॥२१॥

21. vyādheraniṣṭasaṁsparśācchramādiṣṭavivarjanāt ,
duḥkhaṁ caturbhiḥ śārīraṁ kāraṇaiḥ saṁpravartate.

21. vyādheḥ aniṣṭasaṃsparśāt śramāt diṣṭavivarjanāt
duḥkham caturbhiḥ śārīram kāraṇaiḥ saṃpravartate

21. Physical suffering (duḥkha) manifests from four causes: illness, contact with undesirable things, fatigue, and avoiding what is proper/beneficial.

Words meanings summery:

• व्याधेः (vyādheḥ) - from illness; from sickness

• अनिष्टसंस्पर्शात् (aniṣṭasaṁsparśāt) - from contact with undesirable things

• श्रमात् (śramāt) - from fatigue; from exertion; from labor

• दिष्टविवर्जनात् (diṣṭavivarjanāt) - from avoiding what is proper/beneficial; from forsaking destiny

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (duḥkha); pain; sorrow

• चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four

• शारीरम् (śārīram) - physical; bodily

• कारणैः (kāraṇaiḥ) - by causes; by reasons

• संप्रवर्तते (saṁpravartate) - it arises; it proceeds; it manifests

Words meanings and morphology

व्याधेः (vyādheḥ) - from illness; from sickness

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vyādhi

vyādhi - illness; disease; sickness

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

अनिष्टसंस्पर्शात् (aniṣṭasaṁsparśāt) - from contact with undesirable things

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of aniṣṭasaṃsparśa

aniṣṭasaṁsparśa - contact with undesirable things

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (an+iṣṭa+saṃsparśa)

• an – not; un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• iṣṭa – desired; wished; agreeable
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root iṣ (to wish, desire)
  Root: iṣ (class 6)
• saṃsparśa – contact; touch; association
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: spṛś (class 6)

श्रमात् (śramāt) - from fatigue; from exertion; from labor

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of śrama

śrama - fatigue; exertion; labor; weariness

दिष्टविवर्जनात् (diṣṭavivarjanāt) - from avoiding what is proper/beneficial; from forsaking destiny

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of diṣṭavivarjana

diṣṭavivarjana - avoiding what is destined or proper; forsaking destiny

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (diṣṭa+vivarjana)

• diṣṭa – destined; ordained; proper; suitable; favorable
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root diś (to point out, ordain)
  Root: diś (class 6)
• vivarjana – avoidance; abandonment; renunciation
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun from vi-vṛj (to abandon)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛj (class 1)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (duḥkha); pain; sorrow

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering; pain; sorrow; misery

चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with kāraṇaiḥ.

शारीरम् (śārīram) - physical; bodily

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śārīra

śārīra - physical; bodily; pertaining to the body

derived from śarīra (body)

Note: Agrees with duḥkham.

कारणैः (kāraṇaiḥ) - by causes; by reasons

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause; reason; instrument; motive

Root: kṛ (class 8)

संप्रवर्तते (saṁpravartate) - it arises; it proceeds; it manifests

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of sampravṛt

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)