महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-2, verse-69

अबुधानां गतिस्त्वेषा बुधानामपि मे शृणु ।
ये धर्मे श्रेयसि रता विमोक्षरतयो जनाः ॥६९॥

69. abudhānāṁ gatistveṣā budhānāmapi me śṛṇu ,
ye dharme śreyasi ratā vimokṣaratayo janāḥ.

69. abudhānām gatiḥ tu eṣā budhānām api me śṛṇu
ye dharme śreyasi ratāḥ vimokṣaratayaḥ janāḥ

69. This, indeed, is the destiny of the ignorant. But also listen to me concerning the wise people: those who are devoted to their natural law (dharma) and to ultimate good, and whose inclinations are towards final liberation (mokṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• अबुधानाम् (abudhānām) - of the ignorant, of the unwise

• गतिः (gatiḥ) - path, destiny, course, state

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• एषा (eṣā) - this, this one

• बुधानाम् (budhānām) - of the wise, of the intelligent

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• मे (me) - from me, my

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• धर्मे (dharme) - in natural law (dharma), in righteousness, in duty

• श्रेयसि (śreyasi) - in what is auspicious, in ultimate good, in prosperity

• रताः (ratāḥ) - engaged, devoted, attached

• विमोक्षरतयः (vimokṣaratayaḥ) - those whose devotion/inclination is to liberation (mokṣa)

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons, men

Words meanings and morphology

अबुधानाम् (abudhānām) - of the ignorant, of the unwise

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of abudha

abudha - ignorant, unwise, foolish

Negation of 'budha' (wise).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+budha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• budha – wise, intelligent, learned, a wise man
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root budh (to know)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Possessive, 'of those who are ignorant'.

गतिः (gatiḥ) - path, destiny, course, state

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, path, course, destiny, state, means

Derived from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence (implied 'is').

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks a contrast or emphasis.

एषा (eṣā) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one (near the speaker)

Note: Refers to the 'gati' (destiny) described in the preceding verses.

बुधानाम् (budhānām) - of the wise, of the intelligent

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of budha

budha - wise, intelligent, learned, a wise man

Derived from root budh (to know)

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Contrasted with 'abudhānām'.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes inclusion.

मे (me) - from me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Dependent on 'śṛṇu', meaning 'listen to me'.

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: An instruction to the listener.

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'janāḥ'.

धर्मे (dharme) - in natural law (dharma), in righteousness, in duty

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, cosmic order

Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of devotion/engagement.

श्रेयसि (śreyasi) - in what is auspicious, in ultimate good, in prosperity

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - better, superior, ultimate good, welfare, prosperity, auspiciousness

Comparative form of śrī (auspiciousness)

Note: Object of devotion/engagement.

रताः (ratāḥ) - engaged, devoted, attached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rata

rata - delighted, pleased, devoted to, engaged in, attached to

Past Passive Participle

Root ram (to delight, be pleased) with -ta suffix

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'janāḥ'.

विमोक्षरतयः (vimokṣaratayaḥ) - those whose devotion/inclination is to liberation (mokṣa)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vimokṣarati

vimokṣarati - devotion to liberation, desire for liberation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vimokṣa+rati)

• vimokṣa – final liberation, complete release, emancipation (mokṣa)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root muc (to release) with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: muc (class 6)
• rati – attachment, devotion, delight, pleasure, inclination
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root ram (to delight)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Functions as a Bahuvrīhi adjective, 'those who have devotion to liberation'.

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature

Derived from root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of the clause starting with 'ye'.