महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-12, verse-39

ततो भीमो महाबाहुरारुज्य तरसा द्रुम ।
दशव्याममिवोद्विद्धं निष्पत्रमकरोत्तदा ॥३९॥

39. tato bhīmo mahābāhurārujya tarasā druma ,
daśavyāmamivodviddhaṁ niṣpatramakarottadā.

39. tataḥ bhīmaḥ mahābāhuḥ ārujya tarasā drumam
daśavyāmam iva uddviddham niṣpatram akarot tadā

39. Then, the mighty-armed Bhīma, swiftly uprooting a tall, tree, as if ten fathoms high, immediately stripped it of its leaves.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, afterwards)

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma (Bhīma (name of the Pāṇḍava))

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed (referring to Bhīma) (mighty-armed, great-armed)

• आरुज्य (ārujya) - having uprooted (having torn off, having broken, having uprooted)

• तरसा (tarasā) - swiftly, by force (by force, swiftly, with speed)

• द्रुमम् (drumam) - a tree (tree)

• दशव्यामम् (daśavyāmam) - ten fathoms high (ten cubits/fathoms long)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as)

• उद्द्विद्धम् (uddviddham) - towering (grown up, towering, risen)

• निष्पत्रम् (niṣpatram) - stripped of its leaves (leafless, stripped of leaves)

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he made (it leafless) (he made, he did)

• तदा (tadā) - immediately, at that time (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma (Bhīma (name of the Pāṇḍava))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, formidable; name of the second Pāṇḍava

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed (referring to Bhīma) (mighty-armed, great-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, great-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (masculine)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

आरुज्य (ārujya) - having uprooted (having torn off, having broken, having uprooted)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (indeclinable participle)

Derived from root ruj (class 6) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: ruj (class 6)

Note: From `ā-ruj` (to break, tear off).

तरसा (tarasā) - swiftly, by force (by force, swiftly, with speed)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of taras

taras - speed, force, might

द्रुमम् (drumam) - a tree (tree)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of druma

druma - tree

दशव्यामम् (daśavyāmam) - ten fathoms high (ten cubits/fathoms long)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daśavyāma

daśavyāma - measuring ten vyāmas (fathoms)

Compound type : dvigu (daśan+vyāma)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• vyāma – fathom, cubit (measure of length)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the tree.

इव (iva) - as if (like, as if, as)

(indeclinable)

उद्द्विद्धम् (uddviddham) - towering (grown up, towering, risen)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ud-vidh

ud-vidh - to grow up, spring up, shoot up

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vidh (class 6) with prefix ud-

Prefix: ud

Root: vidh (class 6)

Note: Refers to the tree.

निष्पत्रम् (niṣpatram) - stripped of its leaves (leafless, stripped of leaves)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niṣpatra

niṣpatra - leafless, stripped of leaves

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+patra)

• nir – without
  indeclinable
• patra – leaf
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the tree, agreeing with `drumam`.

अकरोत् (akarot) - he made (it leafless) (he made, he did)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect Tense, Third Person Singular, Active Voice

Derived from root kṛ (class 8)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तदा (tadā) - immediately, at that time (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)