महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-12, verse-30

सोऽयमासादितो दिष्ट्या भ्रातृहा काङ्क्षितश्चिरम् ।
अनेन हि मम भ्राता बको विनिहतः प्रियः ॥३०॥

30. so'yamāsādito diṣṭyā bhrātṛhā kāṅkṣitaściram ,
anena hi mama bhrātā bako vinihataḥ priyaḥ.

30. saḥ ayam āsāditaḥ diṣṭyā bhrātṛhā kāṅkṣitaḥ
ciram anena hi mama bhrātā bakaḥ vinihataḥ priyaḥ

30. Fortunately, I have at last found him—this brother-killer (bhrātṛhā) whom I have sought for a long time. Indeed, it was by him that my dear brother Baka was slain.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अयम् (ayam) - this, he

• आसादितः (āsāditaḥ) - found, obtained, encountered

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by luck, by fate

• भ्रातृहा (bhrātṛhā) - killer of Baka (killer of a brother)

• काङ्क्षितः (kāṅkṣitaḥ) - desired, longed for

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long ago

• अनेन (anena) - by Bhimasena (by this, by him)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

• बकः (bakaḥ) - Baka (a name)

• विनिहतः (vinihataḥ) - killed, slain, struck down

• प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear, beloved, favorite

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the sentence (implied 'is').

अयम् (ayam) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Emphasizes proximity, 'this very one'.

आसादितः (āsāditaḥ) - found, obtained, encountered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsādita

āsādita - found, obtained, reached, encountered

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sad' (to sit) with upasarga 'ā' (towards), made causative and then PPP.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Used with 'saḥ ayam' to indicate 'he has been found'.

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by luck, by fate

(indeclinable)

भ्रातृहा (bhrātṛhā) - killer of Baka (killer of a brother)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛhan

bhrātṛhan - brother-killer

From 'bhrātṛ' (brother) and 'han' (killer).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhrātṛ+han)

• bhrātṛ – brother
  noun (masculine)
• han – killer, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'han' (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Appositive to 'saḥ ayam'.

काङ्क्षितः (kāṅkṣitaḥ) - desired, longed for

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāṅkṣita

kāṅkṣita - desired, wished for, longed for

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kāṅkṣ' (to desire).

Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ ayam'.

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long ago

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'kāṅkṣitaḥ'.

अनेन (anena) - by Bhimasena (by this, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agent in passive construction 'vinihataḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

1st person pronoun.

Note: Possessive, modifies 'bhrātā'.

भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'vinihataḥ'.

बकः (bakaḥ) - Baka (a name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of baka

baka - Baka (proper name, also 'crane')

Note: Appositive to 'bhrātā'.

विनिहतः (vinihataḥ) - killed, slain, struck down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinihata

vinihata - killed, slain, struck down

Past Passive Participle

From root 'han' (to strike, kill) with upasargas 'vi' and 'ni'.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Main verb in the second clause, with 'bhrātā' as its grammatical subject.

प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear, beloved, favorite

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, favorite

Note: Qualifies 'bhrātā'.