महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-12, verse-21

तमुवाच ततो राजा दीर्घप्रज्ञो युधिष्ठिरः ।
को भवान्कस्य वा किं ते क्रियतां कार्यमुच्यताम् ॥२१॥

21. tamuvāca tato rājā dīrghaprajño yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
ko bhavānkasya vā kiṁ te kriyatāṁ kāryamucyatām.

21. tam uvāca tataḥ rājā dīrghaprajñaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
kaḥ bhavān kasya vā kim te kriyatām kāryam ucyatām

21. Then King Yudhishthira, who possessed profound wisdom, spoke to him: "Who are you? Whose are you? What can be done for you? Please state your purpose."

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• दीर्घप्रज्ञः (dīrghaprajñaḥ) - of profound wisdom (wise, profound in intellect, of long wisdom)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper noun)

• कः (kaḥ) - who

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (polite), your honor

• कस्य (kasya) - whose, of whom

• वा (vā) - or

• किम् (kim) - what

• ते (te) - for you (to you, for you, your)

• क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - purpose, task (task, work, what is to be done)

• उच्यताम् (ucyatām) - be stated, tell (let it be said, tell)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

From root 'vac' (2nd class), perfect active 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there)

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

दीर्घप्रज्ञः (dīrghaprajñaḥ) - of profound wisdom (wise, profound in intellect, of long wisdom)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīrghaprajña

dīrghaprajña - of profound intellect, having long wisdom

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīrgha+prajñā)

• dīrgha – long, extensive, profound
  adjective
• prajñā – wisdom, intelligence, insight
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adjective for Yudhishthira

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (firm in battle), the eldest Pandava

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of 'yudh' (battle)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun

भवान् (bhavān) - you (polite), your honor

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you, your honor, being

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root 'bhū' (1st class) 'to be'

Root: bhū (class 1)

कस्य (kasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

किम् (kim) - what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun

ते (te) - for you (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic form of dative singular for 'you'

क्रियताम् (kriyatām) - let it be done

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative Passive

From root 'kṛ' (8th class), imperative passive 3rd person singular

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कार्यम् (kāryam) - purpose, task (task, work, what is to be done)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, task, business

Gerundive

From root 'kṛ' (to do), suffix '-ya'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

उच्यताम् (ucyatām) - be stated, tell (let it be said, tell)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of vac

Imperative Passive

From root 'vac' (2nd class), imperative passive 3rd person singular. Vowel 'a' of 'vac' changes to 'u' and 'y' is inserted for passive stem.

Root: vac (class 2)