महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-12, verse-3

इतः प्रयाता राजेन्द्र पाण्डवा द्यूतनिर्जिताः ।
जग्मुस्त्रिभिरहोरात्रैः काम्यकं नाम तद्वनम् ॥३॥

3. itaḥ prayātā rājendra pāṇḍavā dyūtanirjitāḥ ,
jagmustribhirahorātraiḥ kāmyakaṁ nāma tadvanam.

3. itaḥ prayātā rājendra pāṇḍavā dyūtanirjitāḥ jagmuḥ
tribhiḥ ahorātraiḥ kāmmyakam nāma tat vanam

3. From here, the Pāṇḍavas, defeated in the game of dice, departed, O great king (rājendra). They reached that forest named Kāmmyaka in three days and nights.

Words meanings summery:

• इतः (itaḥ) - from here (from here, hence)

• प्रयाता (prayātā) - departed (departed, gone forth)

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O great king (rājendra) (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O king of kings, O great king)

• पाण्डवा (pāṇḍavā) - the Pāṇḍavas

• द्यूतनिर्जिताः (dyūtanirjitāḥ) - defeated in the game of dice (defeated by gambling, defeated in dice)

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they reached (they went, they reached)

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - in three (by three)

• अहोरात्रैः (ahorātraiḥ) - in days and nights (referring to a period of time) (by days and nights, in days and nights)

• काम्म्यकम् (kāmmyakam) - the Kāmmyaka forest (Kāmmyaka)

• नाम (nāma) - named (by name, indeed, namely)

• तत् (tat) - that

• वनम् (vanam) - forest (forest, wood)

Words meanings and morphology

इतः (itaḥ) - from here (from here, hence)

(indeclinable)

प्रयाता (prayātā) - departed (departed, gone forth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prayāta

prayāta - gone forth, departed, set out

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root pra-yā

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Can function as a past active participle in some contexts.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O great king (rājendra) (addressing Dhritarashtra) (O king of kings, O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, great king

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra (name of a deity), chief, best
  noun (masculine)

पाण्डवा (pāṇḍavā) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

द्यूतनिर्जिताः (dyūtanirjitāḥ) - defeated in the game of dice (defeated by gambling, defeated in dice)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dyūtanirjita

dyūtanirjita - defeated by gambling

Compound type : tatpurusha (dyūta+nirjita)

• dyūta – gambling, game of dice
  noun (neuter)
• nirjita – conquered, defeated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of root nis-jī
  Prefix: nis
  Root: jī (class 1)

Note: Describes the Pāṇḍavas.

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they reached (they went, they reached)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect (lit)

Perfect 3rd plural active

Root: gam (class 1)

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - in three (by three)

(numeral)

Note: Used with `ahorātraiḥ`.

अहोरात्रैः (ahorātraiḥ) - in days and nights (referring to a period of time) (by days and nights, in days and nights)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of ahorātra

ahorātra - day and night, a period of 24 hours

Compound type : dvandva (ahas+rātra)

• ahas – day
  noun (neuter)
• rātra – night
  noun (neuter)

Note: Often means a 24-hour period.

काम्म्यकम् (kāmmyakam) - the Kāmmyaka forest (Kāmmyaka)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāmmyaka

kāmmyaka - Kāmmyaka (name of a forest)

नाम (nāma) - named (by name, indeed, namely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to indicate a name.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that (demonstrative pronoun/adjective)

Note: Refers to `vanam`.

वनम् (vanam) - forest (forest, wood)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove