महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-53, verse-28

इत्युक्तः स मुनिस्तेन राज्ञा हृष्टेन तद्वचः ।
च्यवनः प्रत्युवाचेदं हृष्टः परपुरंजयम् ॥२८॥

28. ityuktaḥ sa munistena rājñā hṛṣṭena tadvacaḥ ,
cyavanaḥ pratyuvācedaṁ hṛṣṭaḥ parapuraṁjayam.

28. iti uktaḥ sa muniḥ tena rājñā hṛṣṭena tat vacaḥ
cyavanaḥ pratyuvāca idam hṛṣṭaḥ parapurajayam

28. tena hṛṣṭena rājñā tat vacaḥ iti uktaḥ sa muniḥ
cyavanaḥ hṛṣṭaḥ parapurajayam idam pratyuvāca

28. Delighted by the king's words, that sage Chyavana then replied to the king, the conqueror of enemy cities, with these words.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - said, addressed

• स (sa) - that, he

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - Chyavana, the sage (sage, ascetic)

• तेन (tena) - by that

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by King Kuśika (by the king)

• हृष्टेन (hṛṣṭena) - by the delighted king (by the delighted (one))

• तत् (tat) - that

• वचः (vacaḥ) - the question (of the king) (word, speech, question)

• च्यवनः (cyavanaḥ) - Chyavana (name of a sage)

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied

• इदम् (idam) - these words (that follow) (this)

• हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - the delighted (sage) (delighted, joyful)

• परपुरजयम् (parapurajayam) - to King Kuśika, the conqueror of enemy cities (conqueror of enemy cities)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, so (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - said, addressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vac

vac - to speak, to say

Past Passive Participle

Nominative singular masculine of the Past Passive Participle of √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'muniḥ'.

स (sa) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Masculine nominative singular of 'tad'.

मुनिः (muniḥ) - Chyavana, the sage (sage, ascetic)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, venerable one

Note: Refers to Chyavana.

तेन (tena) - by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Masculine instrumental singular of 'tad'.

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by King Kuśika (by the king)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Note: Refers to King Kuśika.

हृष्टेन (hṛṣṭena) - by the delighted king (by the delighted (one))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, pleased

Past Passive Participle

Instrumental singular masculine of the Past Passive Participle of √hṛṣ.

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'rājñā'.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Neuter accusative singular of 'tad', referring to 'vacaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - the question (of the king) (word, speech, question)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, utterance, statement

from √vac 'to speak'

Root: vac (class 2)

च्यवनः (cyavanaḥ) - Chyavana (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cyavana

cyavana - name of an ancient sage

Note: Subject of 'pratyuvāca'.

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

Third person singular perfect active of √vac with prefix prati-.

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - these words (that follow) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Neuter accusative singular, refers to the following statement.

हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - the delighted (sage) (delighted, joyful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, pleased

Past Passive Participle

Nominative singular masculine of the Past Passive Participle of √hṛṣ.

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'cyavanaḥ'.

परपुरजयम् (parapurajayam) - to King Kuśika, the conqueror of enemy cities (conqueror of enemy cities)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parapurajaya

parapurajaya - conqueror of enemy cities

tatpurusha compound: para (enemy) + pura (city) + jaya (conqueror)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (para+pura+jaya)

• para – other, alien, enemy
  adjective (masculine)
• pura – city, fortress
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest; conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  from √ji 'to conquer'
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Refers to King Kuśika.