महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-330, verse-69

यस्तु ते सोऽग्रतो याति युद्धे संप्रत्युपस्थिते ।
तं विद्धि रुद्रं कौन्तेय देवदेवं कपर्दिनम् ॥६९॥

69. yastu te so'grato yāti yuddhe saṁpratyupasthite ,
taṁ viddhi rudraṁ kaunteya devadevaṁ kapardinam.

69. yaḥ tu te saḥ agrataḥ yāti yuddhe samprati upasthite
tam viddhi rudram kaunteya devadevam kapardinam

69. kaunteya yuddhe samprati upasthite yaḥ tu saḥ te
agrataḥ yāti tam rudram devadevam kapardinam viddhi

69. But he who goes before you now that the battle has commenced, know him, O son of Kunti, to be Rudra, the God of gods, the one with matted hair.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• ते (te) - before you (to you, your)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - before (in front, before)

• याति (yāti) - goes (goes, proceeds)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• सम्प्रति (samprati) - now (now, at present)

• उपस्थिते (upasthite) - having arrived, commenced (arrived, present, occurred)

• तम् (tam) - him (him, that)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know (know, understand)

• रुद्रम् (rudram) - Rudra (Rudra (a name of Shiva))

• कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti (O son of Kunti (Arjuna))

• देवदेवम् (devadevam) - God of gods

• कपर्दिनम् (kapardinam) - the one with matted hair (one with matted hair (epithet of Shiva))

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ya

ya - who, which

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - before you (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Used here in a dative sense of reference or possession.

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - before (in front, before)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'agra' (front) with the suffix 'tas'.

याति (yāti) - goes (goes, proceeds)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

present active indicative

3rd person singular present active of root yā-

Root: yā (class 2)

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Root: yudh

सम्प्रति (samprati) - now (now, at present)

(indeclinable)

उपस्थिते (upasthite) - having arrived, commenced (arrived, present, occurred)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, near, arrived, standing by

past passive participle

Derived from root sthā- with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying yuddhe.

तम् (tam) - him (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विद्धि (viddhi) - know (know, understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

imperative active

2nd person singular imperative active of root vid- (2nd class irregular, also 7th class)

Root: vid (class 2)

रुद्रम् (rudram) - Rudra (Rudra (a name of Shiva))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rudra

rudra - Rudra (a Vedic deity, later identified with Shiva)

कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O son of Kunti (O son of Kunti (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti, Arjuna

Patronymic from Kunti

देवदेवम् (devadevam) - God of gods

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devadeva

devadeva - god of gods, supreme deity (epithet of Shiva, Vishnu, etc.)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+deva)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound deva-deva.

कपर्दिनम् (kapardinam) - the one with matted hair (one with matted hair (epithet of Shiva))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kapardin

kapardin - having matted hair, wearing a snail-shell-like coiffure (epithet of Shiva)

Note: Adjective describing Rudra.