महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-330, verse-51

श्रीभगवानुवाच ।
तयोः संलग्नयोर्युद्धे रुद्रनारायणात्मनोः ।
उद्विग्नाः सहसा कृत्स्ना लोकाः सर्वेऽभवंस्तदा ॥५१॥

51. śrībhagavānuvāca ,
tayoḥ saṁlagnayoryuddhe rudranārāyaṇātmanoḥ ,
udvignāḥ sahasā kṛtsnā lokāḥ sarve'bhavaṁstadā.

51. śrībhagavān uvāca tayoḥ saṁlagnayoḥ yuddhe rudranārāyaṇātmanoḥ
udvignāḥ sahasā kṛtsnāḥ lokāḥ sarve abhavan tadā

51. The Blessed Lord said: 'When those two, who were of the very nature of Rudra and Nārāyaṇa, became engaged in battle, then suddenly all the worlds became completely agitated.'

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीभगवान् (śrībhagavān) - The Blessed Lord (Krishna) (The Blessed Lord, the fortunate one endowed with auspicious qualities)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two, in those two

• संलग्नयोः (saṁlagnayoḥ) - of those two who were joined/engaged

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war, in conflict

• रुद्रनारायणात्मनोः (rudranārāyaṇātmanoḥ) - of those two, Rudra and Nārāyaṇa (of Rudra and Nārāyaṇa, or of those with the nature of Rudra and Nārāyaṇa)

• उद्विग्नाः (udvignāḥ) - agitated, alarmed, distressed, fearful

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, unexpectedly, forcibly

• कृत्स्नाः (kṛtsnāḥ) - all, entire, whole

• लोकाः (lokāḥ) - worlds, people

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• अभवन् (abhavan) - they became, they were

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीभगवान् (śrībhagavān) - The Blessed Lord (Krishna) (The Blessed Lord, the fortunate one endowed with auspicious qualities)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrībhagavat

śrībhagavat - blessed, glorious, divine, fortunate, the possessor of opulence

'śrī' (auspiciousness) + 'bhagavat' (possessing fortune/divinity)

Compound type : KarmaDhāraya (śrī+bhagavat)

• śrī – splendor, prosperity, auspiciousness, Lakshmi
  noun (feminine)
• bhagavat – fortunate, blessed, divine, glorious
  adjective (masculine)
  From bhaga (fortune, excellence)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect (Lit)

From root √vac (to speak), perfect 3rd person singular active.

Root: vac (class 2)

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two, in those two

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, that one

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to Rudra and Nārāyaṇa. Also functions as locative.

संलग्नयोः (saṁlagnayoḥ) - of those two who were joined/engaged

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, dual of saṁlagna

saṁlagna - joined, attached, engaged, connected

Past Passive Participle

From 'sam-' + root '√lag' (to adhere, stick).

Prefix: sam

Root: lag (class 1)

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Derived from root √yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Locative of place/time.

रुद्रनारायणात्मनोः (rudranārāyaṇātmanoḥ) - of those two, Rudra and Nārāyaṇa (of Rudra and Nārāyaṇa, or of those with the nature of Rudra and Nārāyaṇa)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of rudranārāyaṇātman

rudranārāyaṇātman - having the nature of Rudra and Nārāyaṇa

Compound of Rudra, Nārāyaṇa, and 'ātman'

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (rudra+nārāyaṇa+ātman)

• rudra – Rudra, a fierce deity
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: rud (class 2)
• nārāyaṇa – Narayana (a name of Vishnu)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, nature, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive of 'yuddhe', or referring to the two fighters.

उद्विग्नाः (udvignāḥ) - agitated, alarmed, distressed, fearful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of udvigna

udvigna - agitated, alarmed, distressed

Past Passive Participle

From 'ud-' + root '√vij' (to tremble, fear).

Prefix: ud

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'lokāḥ'.

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, unexpectedly, forcibly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form, instrumental of 'sahasa' (force, power)

कृत्स्नाः (kṛtsnāḥ) - all, entire, whole

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - all, entire, whole, complete

Note: Qualifies 'lokāḥ'.

लोकाः (lokāḥ) - worlds, people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, mankind

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Subject of 'abhavan'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Universal pronoun

Note: Qualifies 'lokāḥ'.

अभवन् (abhavan) - they became, they were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect (Laṅ)

From root √bhū (to be, become), imperfect 3rd person plural active.

Root: bhū (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time