महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-330, verse-53

देवान्रजस्तमश्चैव समाविविशतुस्तदा ।
वसुधा संचकम्पेऽथ नभश्च विपफाल ह ॥५३॥

53. devānrajastamaścaiva samāviviśatustadā ,
vasudhā saṁcakampe'tha nabhaśca vipaphāla ha.

53. devān rajas tamas ca eva samāviviśatuḥ tadā
vasudhā saṃcakampē atha nabhas ca viphāla ha

53. tadā rajas ca tamas ca eva devān samāviviśatuḥ
atha vasudhā saṃcakampē nabhas ca viphāla ha

53. At that time, passion (rajas) and inertia (tamas) permeated the gods. The earth began to tremble, and the sky itself split apart.

Words meanings summery:

• देवान् (devān) - into the gods

• रजस् (rajas) - the quality of passion or activity (one of the three guṇas) (passion, activity, dust, impurity)

• तमस् (tamas) - the quality of inertia or ignorance (one of the three guṇas) (darkness, inertia, ignorance)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• समाविविशतुः (samāviviśatuḥ) - referring to rajas and tamas entering the gods (they (dual) entered, they pervaded)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• वसुधा (vasudhā) - the earth, ground

• संचकम्पे (saṁcakampē) - referring to the earth trembling (it trembled, it shook)

• अथ (atha) - then, next, moreover

• नभस् (nabhas) - sky, atmosphere, cloud

• च (ca) - and, also

• विफाल (viphāla) - referring to the sky splitting apart (it burst, split)

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

देवान् (devān) - into the gods

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

रजस् (rajas) - the quality of passion or activity (one of the three guṇas) (passion, activity, dust, impurity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - passion, activity, dust, impurity, menstruation

From √raj 'to be agitated, to color'.

Root: raj

तमस् (tamas) - the quality of inertia or ignorance (one of the three guṇas) (darkness, inertia, ignorance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, inertia, ignorance, quality of delusion

Root: tam

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

समाविविशतुः (samāviviśatuḥ) - referring to rajas and tamas entering the gods (they (dual) entered, they pervaded)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (Lit) of āviś

Perfect active, 3rd dual

From √viś with prefix ā. Reduplicated perfect.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: viś (class 6)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Formed from tad (that) + suffix dā.

वसुधा (vasudhā) - the earth, ground

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vasudhā

vasudhā - the earth, ground, land

From vasu (wealth) + dhā (holder) - 'holder of wealth'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (vasu+dhā)

• vasu – wealth, treasure, jewel, good
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vas
• dhā – holder, supporter (often as suffix)
  noun (masculine)
  From root √dhā 'to place, hold'.
  Root: dhā (class 3)

संचकम्पे (saṁcakampē) - referring to the earth trembling (it trembled, it shook)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (Lit) of saṃkamp

Perfect middle, 3rd singular

From √kamp with prefix saṃ. Reduplicated perfect.

Prefix: sam

Root: kamp (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, next, moreover

(indeclinable)

नभस् (nabhas) - sky, atmosphere, cloud

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nabhas

nabhas - sky, atmosphere, cloud, ether

Root: nabh

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विफाल (viphāla) - referring to the sky splitting apart (it burst, split)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of viphāl

Perfect active, 3rd singular

From √phāl with prefix vi. Reduplicated perfect.

Prefix: vi

Root: phāl (class 10)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)