महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-330, verse-52

नागृह्णात्पावकः शुभ्रं मखेषु सुहुतं हविः ।
वेदा न प्रतिभान्ति स्म ऋषीणां भावितात्मनाम् ॥५२॥

52. nāgṛhṇātpāvakaḥ śubhraṁ makheṣu suhutaṁ haviḥ ,
vedā na pratibhānti sma ṛṣīṇāṁ bhāvitātmanām.

52. na agṛhṇāt pāvakaḥ śubhram makheṣu suhutam haviḥ
vedāḥ na pratibhānti sma ṛṣīṇām bhāvitātmanām

52. The fire did not accept the pure oblations, though well-offered in the Vedic rituals. The Vedas did not appear clearly to the sages whose inner selves (ātman) were refined.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• अगृह्णात् (agṛhṇāt) - took, accepted, grasped

• पावकः (pāvakaḥ) - The sacrificial fire (Agni) (fire, purifier, pure)

• शुभ्रम् (śubhram) - pure, bright, white, splendid

• मखेषु (makheṣu) - in the Vedic rituals (in Vedic rituals, in sacrifices, in festivals)

• सुहुतम् (suhutam) - well-offered, properly sacrificed

• हविः (haviḥ) - oblation, offering

• वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the Vedas, sacred knowledge

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• प्रतिभान्ति (pratibhānti) - they appear, they shine forth, they are clear

• स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense with present verb)

• ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - of the sages, of the seers

• भावितात्मनाम् (bhāvitātmanām) - of those whose selves are purified/cultivated/refined

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

Note: Negates the verb 'agṛhṇāt' and 'pratibhānti'.

अगृह्णात् (agṛhṇāt) - took, accepted, grasped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of grah

Imperfect (Laṅ)

From root √grah (to seize), imperfect 3rd person singular active. 'a' is the augment for past tense.

Root: grah (class 9)

पावकः (pāvakaḥ) - The sacrificial fire (Agni) (fire, purifier, pure)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāvaka

pāvaka - fire, purifier, pure, shining

From root √pū (to purify).

Root: pū (class 1)

शुभ्रम् (śubhram) - pure, bright, white, splendid

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śubhra

śubhra - pure, bright, white, splendid

From root √śubh (to shine, be beautiful).

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'haviḥ'.

मखेषु (makheṣu) - in the Vedic rituals (in Vedic rituals, in sacrifices, in festivals)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of makha

makha - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, festival, joy

From root √maṅkh (to go, move) or √magh (to be happy).

Note: Locative of place, referring to the context of the offering.

सुहुतम् (suhutam) - well-offered, properly sacrificed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of suhuta

suhuta - well-offered, properly sacrificed

Past Passive Participle

From 'su-' (good, well) + root '√hu' (to offer, sacrifice).

Compound type : Pravādi Tatpuruṣa (su+huta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• huta – offered, sacrificed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √hu
  Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'haviḥ'.

हविः (haviḥ) - oblation, offering

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of havis

havis - oblation, offering (especially for fire)

From root √hu (to offer).

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Object of 'agṛhṇāt'.

वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the Vedas, sacred knowledge

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - sacred knowledge, Veda (scripture)

From root √vid (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'pratibhānti'.

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

प्रतिभान्ति (pratibhānti) - they appear, they shine forth, they are clear

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (Laṭ) of bhā

Present (Laṭ)

From 'prati-' + root '√bhā' (to shine), present 3rd person plural active.

Prefix: prati

Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Modified by 'na' and 'sma'.

स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense with present verb)

(indeclinable)

Particle

Note: Transforms present tense into past tense.

ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - of the sages, of the seers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

From root √ṛṣ (to go, move, flow).

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Possessive of 'bhāvitātmanām'.

भावितात्मनाम् (bhāvitātmanām) - of those whose selves are purified/cultivated/refined

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhāvitātman

bhāvitātman - one whose (ātman) is cultivated, purified, refined

Compound of 'bhāvita' (cultivated, purified) and 'ātman' (self, soul).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (bhāvita+ātman)

• bhāvita – caused to be, cultivated, purified, conceived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle (causative)
  From root √bhū (to be) in causative form 'bhāvaya'
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'ṛṣīṇām'.