महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-330, verse-55

तस्मिन्नेवं समुत्पन्ने निमित्ते पाण्डुनन्दन ।
ब्रह्मा वृतो देवगणैरृषिभिश्च महात्मभिः ।
आजगामाशु तं देशं यत्र युद्धमवर्तत ॥५५॥

55. tasminnevaṁ samutpanne nimitte pāṇḍunandana ,
brahmā vṛto devagaṇairṛṣibhiśca mahātmabhiḥ ,
ājagāmāśu taṁ deśaṁ yatra yuddhamavartata.

55. tasmin evam samutpanne nimitte
pāṇḍunandana brahmā vṛtaḥ devagaṇaiḥ
ṛṣibhiḥ ca mahātmabhiḥ ājagāma
āśu tam deśam yatra yuddham avartata

55. pāṇḍunandana tasmin evam nimitte
samutpanne brahmā devagaṇaiḥ
mahātmabhiḥ ca ṛṣibhiḥ vṛtaḥ āśu tam
deśam ājagāma yatra yuddham avartata

55. O son of Pāṇḍu, when these omens thus arose, Brahmā, surrounded by hosts of deities and great sages, quickly came to that very spot where the battle was unfolding.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

• एवम् (evam) - in this (ominous) way (thus, in this manner, so)

• समुत्पन्ने (samutpanne) - when the omens had thus arisen (having arisen, having occurred, produced)

• निमित्ते (nimitte) - in these ominous signs (in the omen, in the cause, in the sign)

• पाण्डुनन्दन (pāṇḍunandana) - specifically addressing Arjuna, a common epithet in Mahabharata (O son of Pāṇḍu (Arjuna))

• ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā (the creator deity)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded by the gods and sages (surrounded, chosen, covered)

• देवगणैः (devagaṇaiḥ) - by hosts of gods, by groups of deities

• ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages, by inspired seers

• च (ca) - and, also

• महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - qualifies the sages (ṛṣibhiḥ), indicating they were of great spiritual stature (by great-souled ones, by magnanimous ones)

• आजगाम (ājagāma) - referring to Brahmā's arrival (he came, arrived)

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

• तम् (tam) - that (specific) place (that, him)

• देशम् (deśam) - to the place, region

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

• अवर्तत (avartata) - the battle was unfolding (it was, it occurred, it took place)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

एवम् (evam) - in this (ominous) way (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Formed from idam (this) + suffix vam.

समुत्पन्ने (samutpanne) - when the omens had thus arisen (having arisen, having occurred, produced)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of samutpanna

samutpanna - arisen, produced, happened, born

Past Passive Participle

From √pad 'to go' with prefixes sam and ud.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: pad (class 4)

निमित्ते (nimitte) - in these ominous signs (in the omen, in the cause, in the sign)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of nimitta

nimitta - sign, omen, cause, motive, occasion

From ni-mit 'to notice'.

Root: mit (class 1)

पाण्डुनन्दन (pāṇḍunandana) - specifically addressing Arjuna, a common epithet in Mahabharata (O son of Pāṇḍu (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍunandana

pāṇḍunandana - son of Pāṇḍu, delight of Pāṇḍu

Compound of Pāṇḍu (name of king) + nandana (son, delight).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍu+nandana)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, delight, gladdening
  noun (masculine)
  From √nand 'to rejoice'.
  Root: nand (class 1)

ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā (the creator deity)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - the creator deity Brahmā (masculine nom. sg.), also sacred word, ultimate reality (neuter)

Root: bṛh

Note: Refers to the deity Brahmā.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded by the gods and sages (surrounded, chosen, covered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛ 'to cover, surround, choose'.

Root: vṛ (class 5)

देवगणैः (devagaṇaiḥ) - by hosts of gods, by groups of deities

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of devagaṇa

devagaṇa - host of gods, group of deities

Compound of deva (god) + gaṇa (group, host).

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+gaṇa)

• deva – god, deity, divine being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• gaṇa – group, host, troop, collection
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gaṇ (class 10)

ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages, by inspired seers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, inspired poet, seer

From √ṛṣ 'to go, move, flow'.

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महात्मभिः (mahātmabhiḥ) - qualifies the sages (ṛṣibhiḥ), indicating they were of great spiritual stature (by great-souled ones, by magnanimous ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble-minded (often refers to a great person)

Compound of mahā (great) + ātman (soul, self).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Feminine stem of mahat.
• ātman – soul (ātman), self, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  From root an 'to breathe'.
  Root: an

Note: Qualifies ṛṣibhiḥ.

आजगाम (ājagāma) - referring to Brahmā's arrival (he came, arrived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of āgam

Perfect active, 3rd singular

From √gam with prefix ā. Reduplicated perfect.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of āśu (adjective).

तम् (tam) - that (specific) place (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

देशम् (deśam) - to the place, region

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, region, country, spot

From √diś 'to point, show'.

Root: diś (class 6)

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which

(indeclinable)

Formed from yad (which) + suffix tra.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war, combat

Past Passive Participle (originally), then nominalized.

From √yudh 'to fight'.

Root: yudh (class 4)

अवर्तत (avartata) - the battle was unfolding (it was, it occurred, it took place)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (Laṅ) of vṛt

Imperfect middle, 3rd singular

From √vṛt 'to be, exist, proceed'. Imperfect tense with augment 'a-'.

Root: vṛt (class 1)